Patrick Bours
About
Studied Discrete Mathematics at Eindhoven University of Technology in the Netherlands (MSc 1990, PhD 1994). Worked 10 years at the Netherlands National Communication Security Agency (NLNCSA) as a senior policy member in the area of crypto with a focus on public key crypto and random number generation.
Started 7/2005 as a PostDoc at the Norwegian Information Security Laboratory (NISlab) at Gjøvik University College in a project "Authentication in a Health Service Environment". As of 7/2008 I was appointed as Associate Professor at NISlab and specialized in authentication and more specifically biometrics.
My main research interest is in behavioural biometrics with many papers on Gait Recognition (recognizing a person by his/her walking style), Keystroke Dynamics (recognizing a person by his/her typing style), and Continuous Authentication (making sure that the person that is using a device is the same as the person that logged on to that device, so detecting a change of user). From 9/2012 I have a full professor position at NISlab. I was also head of NISlab in the period from 7/2009 till 6/2012.
Currently working on the "Chatroom Security" project where the goal is to detect people with fake profiles and child predators based on their typing and stylometric behaviour.
Publications
2021
-
Borj, Parisa Rezaee;
Raja, Kiran;
Bours, Patrick.
(2021)
Detecting Sexual Predatory Chats by Perturbed Data and Balanced Ensembles.
Gesellschaft für Informatik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Theisen, Esther;
Bours, Patrick;
Agarwal, Nancy.
(2021)
Us against the World: Detection of Radical Language in Online Platforms.
Norsk Informasjonssikkerhetskonferanse (NISK)
Academic article
-
Wani, Mudasir Ahmad;
Agarwal, Nancy;
Bours, Patrick.
(2021)
Sexual-predator Detection System based on Social Behavior Biometric (SSB) Features.
Procedia Computer Science
Academic article
-
Wani, Mudasir Ahmad;
Agarwal, Nancy;
Bours, Patrick.
(2021)
Impact of Unreliable Content on Social Media Users during COVID-19 and Stance Detection System.
Electronics
Academic article
2020
-
Agarwal, Nancy;
Wani, Mudasir Ahmad;
Bours, Patrick.
(2020)
Lex-pos feature-based grammar error detection system for the English language.
Electronics
Academic article
-
Fauzi, Muhammad Ali;
Bours, Patrick.
(2020)
Ensemble Method for Sexual Predators Identification in Online Chats.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Raffel, Lara;
Bours, Patrick;
Komandur, Sashidharan.
(2020)
Attention! Designing a Target Group-Oriented Risk Communication Strategy.
Communications in Computer and Information Science
Academic article
2019
-
Borj, Parisa Rezaee;
Bylappa Raja, Kiran;
Bours, Patrick.
(2019)
On Preprocessing the Data for Improving Sexual Predator Detection.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Borj, Parisa Rezaee;
Bours, Patrick.
(2019)
Detecting Liars in Chats using Keystroke Dynamics.
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Borj, Parisa Rezaee;
Bours, Patrick.
(2019)
Predatory Conversation Detection .
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick.
(2019)
International Conference on Cyber Security for Emerging Technologies.
IEEE conference proceedings
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic anthology/Conference proceedings
-
Li, Guoqiang;
Borj, Parisa Rezaee;
Bergeron, Loic;
Bours, Patrick.
(2019)
Exploring Keystroke Dynamics and Stylometry Features for Gender Prediction on Chatting Data .
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Venkatesh, Sushma;
Ramachandra, Raghavendra;
Bours, Patrick.
(2019)
Robust Algorithm for Multimodal Deception Detection.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Charrier, Christophe;
Pedersen, Marius;
Bours, Patrick.
(2019)
How re-training process affect the performance of no-reference image quality metric for face images.
IS&T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology
Academic article
2018
-
Khodabakhsh, Ali;
Haasnoot, Erwin;
Bours, Patrick.
(2018)
Predicted Templates: Learning-curve Based Template Projection for Keystroke Dynamics.
Gesellschaft für Informatik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Pedersen, Marius;
Charrier, Christophe;
Bours, Patrick.
(2018)
Can image quality enhancement methods improve the performance of biometric systems for degraded face images?.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Pedersen, Marius;
Charrier, Christophe;
Bours, Patrick.
(2018)
Performance evaluation of no-reference image quality metrics for face biometric images.
Journal of Electronic Imaging (JEI)
Academic article
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Charrier, Christophe;
Pedersen, Marius;
Bours, Patrick.
(2018)
Study on color space for the performance of degraded face image recognition.
IS&T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology
Academic article
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Charrier, Christophe;
Pedersen, Marius;
Bours, Patrick.
(2018)
Performance Evaluation of No-Reference Image Quality Metrics for Visible Wavelength Iris Biometric Images.
IEEE Signal Processing Society
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
2017
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
Bours, Patrick;
Chen, Ray.
(2017)
Biometric Acoustic Ear Recognition.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2017)
Person Identification by Keystroke Dynamics Using Pairwise User Coupling.
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
Academic article
-
Bours, Patrick;
Evensen, Adrian.
(2017)
The Shakespeare experiment: Preliminary results for the recognition of a person based on the sound of walking.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick;
Brahmanpally, Sukanya.
(2017)
Language dependent challenge-based keystroke dynamics.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Sousedik, Ctirad;
Breithaupt, Ralph;
Bours, Patrick.
(2017)
Classification of Fingerprints Captured Using Optical Coherence Tomography.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2017)
A study on continuous authentication using a combination of keystroke and mouse biometrics.
Neurocomputing
Academic article
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick;
Johansen, Lasse;
Stenvi, Robin;
Øverbø, Magnus.
(2017)
Importance of a Versatile Logging Tool for Behavioural Biometrics and Continuous Authentication Research.
IGI Global
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Pleva, Matus;
Bours, Patrick;
Ondas, Stanislav;
Juhár, Jozef.
(2017)
Improving static audio keystroke analysis by score fusion of acoustic and timing data.
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Academic article
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Pedersen, Marius;
Charrier, Christophe;
Bours, Patrick.
(2017)
Can no-reference image quality metrics assess visible wavelength iris sample quality?.
Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Image Processing
Academic article
2016
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2016)
Combining Keystroke and Mouse Dynamics for Continuous User Authentication and Identification.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Pleva, Matus;
Kiktova, Eva;
Viszlay, Peter;
Bours, Patrick.
(2016)
Acoustical keystroke analysis for user identification and authentication.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Pleva, Matus;
Bours, Patrick;
Hladek, Daniel;
Juhár, Jozef.
(2016)
Using current biometrics technologies for authentication in e-learning assessment.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Pedersen, Marius;
Charrier, Christophe;
Bours, Patrick;
Busch, Christoph.
(2016)
The influence of fingerprint image degradations on the performance of biometric system and quality assessment.
GI-Edition Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI)
Academic article
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Pedersen, Marius;
Charrier, Christophe;
Alaya Cheikh, Faouzi;
Bours, Patrick.
(2016)
An improved 3-step contactless fingerprint image enhancement approach for minutiae detection.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
2015
-
Albahbooh, Nabeel Ali;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
A Mobile Phone Device as a Biometrics
Authentication Method for an ATM Terminal.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Continuous Authentication in a Real World Settings.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
A Computational Approach to the Continuous Authentication Biometric System.
Information Sciences
Academic article
-
Bours, Patrick;
Mondal, Soumik.
(2015)
Continuous Authentication with Keystroke Dynamics.
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Swipe Gesture based Continuous Authentication for Mobile Devices.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Does Context matter for the Performance of
Continuous Authentication Biometric Systems?
An Empirical Study on Mobile Device.
Gesellschaft für Informatik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Context independent continuous authentication using behavioural biometrics.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Iorliam, Aamo;
Ho, Anthony T.S.;
Poh, Norman;
Tirunagari, Santosh;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Data forensic techniques using Benford's law and Zipf's law for keystroke dynamics.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick;
Kiktova, Eva;
Pleva, Matus.
(2015)
Static Audio Keystroke Dynamics.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Pleva, Matus;
Kiktova, Eva;
Juhar, Josef;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Acoustical user identification based on MFCC analysis of keystrokes.
Advances in Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Academic article
-
Monaco, John V.;
Perez, Gonzalo;
Tappert, Charles C.;
Bours, Patrick;
Mondal, Soumik;
Rajkumar, Sudalai.
(2015)
One-handed Keystroke Biometric Identification Competition
.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed;
Cherrier, Estelle;
Rosenberger, Christophe;
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Keystroke Dynamics Performance Enhancement With Soft Biometrics.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Continuous authentication and identification for mobile devices: Combining security and forensics.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick;
Mondal, Soumik.
(2015)
Performance evaluation of continuous authentication systems.
IET Biometrics
Academic article
2014
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2014)
Continuous Authentication using Fuzzy Logic.
ACM Publications
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Wu, Liang;
Bours, Patrick.
(2014)
Content Reconstruction using Keystroke Dynamics: Preliminary Results.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Motlagh, Mohammad Reza Mahmoudian;
Bours, Patrick.
(2014)
User Identification Based on Eye Gaze Data.
Norsk Informasjonssikkerhetskonferanse (NISK)
Academic article
-
Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed;
Cherrier, Estelle;
Rosenberger, Christophe;
Bours, Patrick.
(2014)
Soft Biometrics for Keystroke Dynamics: Profiling Individuals While Typing Passwords.
Computers & Security
Academic article
-
Bours, Patrick;
Masoudian, Elnaz.
(2014)
Applying keystroke dynamics on one-time pin codes.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick;
Komanpally, Vathsala.
(2014)
Performance of keystroke dynamics when allowing typing corrections.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
2013
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick;
Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed.
(2013)
Complexity measurement of a password for keystroke dynamics: preliminary study.
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2013)
Continuous Authentication using Mouse Dynamics.
Gesellschaft für Informatik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed;
Cherrier, Estelle;
Rosenberger, Christophe;
Bours, Patrick.
(2013)
Soft Biometrics Database: a Benchmark for Keystroke Dynamics Biometric Systems.
Gesellschaft für Informatik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
Bours, Patrick.
(2013)
Gait and Activity Recognition using Commercial Phones.
Computers & Security
Academic article
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick;
Yang, Bian;
Busch, Christoph.
(2013)
Independent Performance Evaluation of Pseudonymous Identifier Fingerprint Verification Algorithms.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed;
Cherrier, Estelle;
Rosenberger, Christophe;
Bours, Patrick.
(2013)
Soft Biometrics for Keystroke Dynamics.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
2012
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick.
(2012)
Towards Continuous Authentication Based on Gait Using Wearable Motion Recording Sensors.
IGI Global
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick.
(2012)
Continuous keystroke dynamics: A different perspective towards biometric evaluation.
Information Security Technical Report
Academic article
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
McCallum, Simon;
Witte, Heiko;
Bours, Patrick.
(2012)
Biometric Access Control using Near Field Communication and Smart Phones.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
2011
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick;
Snekkenes, Einar.
(2011)
User authentication based on foot motion.
Signal, Image and Video Processing
Academic article
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
Balisane, Hewa;
Bours, Patrick;
Ahmed, Waqar;
Twigg, Peter.
(2011)
Gait Recognition for Children over a Longer Period.
Gesellschaft für Informatik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Busch, Christoph;
Bours, Patrick;
Yang, Bian.
(2011)
Fusion in fingerprint authentication: two finger types vs. two scanner types.
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick.
(2011)
Feature Selection in Keystroke Dynamics.
Tapir Akademisk Forlag
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Balisane, Hewa;
Derawi, Mohammad;
Bours, Patrick;
Ahmed, Waqar;
Twigg, Peter.
(2011)
Gait Recognition in Children under Special Circumstances.
Høgskolen i Gjøvik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Nickel, Claudia;
Derawi, Mohammad;
Bours, Patrick;
Busch, Christoph.
(2011)
Scenario test of accelerometer-based biometric gait recognition.
Høgskolen i Gjøvik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Balisane, Hewa;
Derawi, Mohammad;
Bours, Patrick;
Ahmed, Waqar;
Twigg, Peter.
(2011)
Performance of Gait Recognition in Children's Walking Compared to Adults.
Høgskolen i Gjøvik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bajrami, Gazmend;
Derawi, Mohammad;
Bours, Patrick.
(2011)
Towards an automatic gait recognition system using activity recognition (wearable based).
Høgskolen i Gjøvik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Seeger, Mark M.;
Bours, Patrick.
(2011)
How to comprehensively describe a biometric update mechnism for keystroke dynamics.
Høgskolen i Gjøvik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mjaaland, Bendik Bjørklid;
Bours, Patrick;
Gligoroski, Danilo.
(2011)
Walk the Walk: Attacking Gait Biometrics by Imitation.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick.
(2011)
Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop On Securityand Communication Networks (IWSCN 2011), 18-20 May, 2011, Gjøvik, Norway.
Høgskolen i Gjøvik
Høgskolen i Gjøvik
Academic anthology/Conference proceedings
2010
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Improved Hip-Based Individual Recognition Using Wearable Motion Recording Sensor.
Communications in Computer and Information Science
Academic article
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick;
Yang, Bian;
Busch, Christoph.
(2010)
Impact of Finger Type in Fingerprint Authentication.
Communications in Computer and Information Science
Academic article
-
Yang, Bian;
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Busch, Christoph;
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Encrypting Fingerprint Minutiae Templates by Random Quantization.
Communications in Computer and Information Science
Academic article
-
Yang, Bian;
Busch, Christoph;
Bours, Patrick;
Gafurov, Davrondzhon.
(2010)
Robust minutiae hash for fingerprint template protection.
SPIE - The International Society for Optics and Photonics
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Improved Hip-Based Individual Recognition Using Wearable Motion Recording Sensor.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Yang, Bian;
Busch, Christoph;
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Renewable Minutiae Templates with Tunable Size and Security.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
Nickel, Claudia;
Bours, Patrick;
Busch, Christoph.
(2010)
Unobtrusive User-Authentication on Mobile Phones Using Biometric Gait Recognition.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Larsen, Rasmus;
Busch, Christoph;
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Fusion of gait and fingerprint for user authentication on mobile devices.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick;
Shrestha, Raju.
(2010)
Eigensteps : a giant leap for gait recognition.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Yang, Bian;
Bours, Patrick;
Busch, Christoph.
(2010)
Independent Performance Evaluation of Fingerprint verification at the minutiae and pseudonymous identifier levels.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Snekkenes, Einar;
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Improved Gait Recognition Performance Using Cycle Matching.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick;
Yang, Bian;
Busch, Christoph.
(2010)
GUC100 Multi-scanner Fingerprint Database for In-House (Semi-public) Performance and Interoperability Evaluation.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
Bours, Patrick;
Holien, Kjetil.
(2010)
Improved Cycle Detection for Accelerometer Based Gait Authentication.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Busch, Christoph;
Bours, Patrick;
Yang, Bian.
(2010)
Fusion in Fingerprint Authentication: Two Finger Scenarios.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Yang, Bian;
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Busch, Christoph;
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Encrypting Fingerprint Minutiae Templates by Random Quantization.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick;
Yang, Bian;
Busch, Christoph.
(2010)
Impact of Finger Type in Fingerprint Authentication.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Yang, Bian;
Bours, Patrick;
Busch, Christoph.
(2010)
Independent Performance Evaluation of Fingerprint Verification at the Minutiae and Pseudonymous Identifier Levels.
IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC)
Academic article
-
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Norwegian Information Security Conference = Norsk Informasjonssikkerhetskonferanse : NISK 2010 . Gjøvik University College, Gjøvik, 23-24 November 2010.
Tapir Akademisk Forlag
Tapir Akademisk Forlag
Academic anthology/Conference proceedings
2009
-
Mjaaland, Bendik Bjørklid;
Bours, Patrick;
Gligoroski, Danilo.
(2009)
Gait Mimicking - Attack Resistance Testing of Gait Authentication Systems.
Tapir Akademisk Forlag
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Borgen, Halvor;
Bours, Patrick;
Wolthusen, Stephen.
(2009)
Simulating the Influences of Aging and Ocular Disease on Biometric Recognition Performance.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Yang, Bian;
Busch, Christoph;
Derawi, Mohammad;
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick.
(2009)
Geometric-Aligned Cancelable Fingerprint Templates.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick;
Fullu, Christopher Johnsrud.
(2009)
A Login System Using Mouse Dynamics.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
Journal publications
-
Theisen, Esther;
Bours, Patrick;
Agarwal, Nancy.
(2021)
Us against the World: Detection of Radical Language in Online Platforms.
Norsk Informasjonssikkerhetskonferanse (NISK)
Academic article
-
Wani, Mudasir Ahmad;
Agarwal, Nancy;
Bours, Patrick.
(2021)
Sexual-predator Detection System based on Social Behavior Biometric (SSB) Features.
Procedia Computer Science
Academic article
-
Wani, Mudasir Ahmad;
Agarwal, Nancy;
Bours, Patrick.
(2021)
Impact of Unreliable Content on Social Media Users during COVID-19 and Stance Detection System.
Electronics
Academic article
-
Agarwal, Nancy;
Wani, Mudasir Ahmad;
Bours, Patrick.
(2020)
Lex-pos feature-based grammar error detection system for the English language.
Electronics
Academic article
-
Raffel, Lara;
Bours, Patrick;
Komandur, Sashidharan.
(2020)
Attention! Designing a Target Group-Oriented Risk Communication Strategy.
Communications in Computer and Information Science
Academic article
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Charrier, Christophe;
Pedersen, Marius;
Bours, Patrick.
(2019)
How re-training process affect the performance of no-reference image quality metric for face images.
IS&T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology
Academic article
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Pedersen, Marius;
Charrier, Christophe;
Bours, Patrick.
(2018)
Performance evaluation of no-reference image quality metrics for face biometric images.
Journal of Electronic Imaging (JEI)
Academic article
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Charrier, Christophe;
Pedersen, Marius;
Bours, Patrick.
(2018)
Study on color space for the performance of degraded face image recognition.
IS&T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology
Academic article
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2017)
Person Identification by Keystroke Dynamics Using Pairwise User Coupling.
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
Academic article
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2017)
A study on continuous authentication using a combination of keystroke and mouse biometrics.
Neurocomputing
Academic article
-
Pleva, Matus;
Bours, Patrick;
Ondas, Stanislav;
Juhár, Jozef.
(2017)
Improving static audio keystroke analysis by score fusion of acoustic and timing data.
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Academic article
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Pedersen, Marius;
Charrier, Christophe;
Bours, Patrick.
(2017)
Can no-reference image quality metrics assess visible wavelength iris sample quality?.
Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Image Processing
Academic article
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Pedersen, Marius;
Charrier, Christophe;
Bours, Patrick;
Busch, Christoph.
(2016)
The influence of fingerprint image degradations on the performance of biometric system and quality assessment.
GI-Edition Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI)
Academic article
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
A Computational Approach to the Continuous Authentication Biometric System.
Information Sciences
Academic article
-
Pleva, Matus;
Kiktova, Eva;
Juhar, Josef;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Acoustical user identification based on MFCC analysis of keystrokes.
Advances in Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Academic article
-
Bours, Patrick;
Mondal, Soumik.
(2015)
Performance evaluation of continuous authentication systems.
IET Biometrics
Academic article
-
Motlagh, Mohammad Reza Mahmoudian;
Bours, Patrick.
(2014)
User Identification Based on Eye Gaze Data.
Norsk Informasjonssikkerhetskonferanse (NISK)
Academic article
-
Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed;
Cherrier, Estelle;
Rosenberger, Christophe;
Bours, Patrick.
(2014)
Soft Biometrics for Keystroke Dynamics: Profiling Individuals While Typing Passwords.
Computers & Security
Academic article
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
Bours, Patrick.
(2013)
Gait and Activity Recognition using Commercial Phones.
Computers & Security
Academic article
-
Bours, Patrick.
(2012)
Continuous keystroke dynamics: A different perspective towards biometric evaluation.
Information Security Technical Report
Academic article
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick;
Snekkenes, Einar.
(2011)
User authentication based on foot motion.
Signal, Image and Video Processing
Academic article
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Improved Hip-Based Individual Recognition Using Wearable Motion Recording Sensor.
Communications in Computer and Information Science
Academic article
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick;
Yang, Bian;
Busch, Christoph.
(2010)
Impact of Finger Type in Fingerprint Authentication.
Communications in Computer and Information Science
Academic article
-
Yang, Bian;
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Busch, Christoph;
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Encrypting Fingerprint Minutiae Templates by Random Quantization.
Communications in Computer and Information Science
Academic article
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Yang, Bian;
Bours, Patrick;
Busch, Christoph.
(2010)
Independent Performance Evaluation of Fingerprint Verification at the Minutiae and Pseudonymous Identifier Levels.
IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC)
Academic article
Books
-
Bours, Patrick.
(2019)
International Conference on Cyber Security for Emerging Technologies.
IEEE conference proceedings
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic anthology/Conference proceedings
-
Bours, Patrick.
(2011)
Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop On Securityand Communication Networks (IWSCN 2011), 18-20 May, 2011, Gjøvik, Norway.
Høgskolen i Gjøvik
Høgskolen i Gjøvik
Academic anthology/Conference proceedings
-
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Norwegian Information Security Conference = Norsk Informasjonssikkerhetskonferanse : NISK 2010 . Gjøvik University College, Gjøvik, 23-24 November 2010.
Tapir Akademisk Forlag
Tapir Akademisk Forlag
Academic anthology/Conference proceedings
Part of book/report
-
Borj, Parisa Rezaee;
Raja, Kiran;
Bours, Patrick.
(2021)
Detecting Sexual Predatory Chats by Perturbed Data and Balanced Ensembles.
Gesellschaft für Informatik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Fauzi, Muhammad Ali;
Bours, Patrick.
(2020)
Ensemble Method for Sexual Predators Identification in Online Chats.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Borj, Parisa Rezaee;
Bylappa Raja, Kiran;
Bours, Patrick.
(2019)
On Preprocessing the Data for Improving Sexual Predator Detection.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Borj, Parisa Rezaee;
Bours, Patrick.
(2019)
Detecting Liars in Chats using Keystroke Dynamics.
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Borj, Parisa Rezaee;
Bours, Patrick.
(2019)
Predatory Conversation Detection .
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Li, Guoqiang;
Borj, Parisa Rezaee;
Bergeron, Loic;
Bours, Patrick.
(2019)
Exploring Keystroke Dynamics and Stylometry Features for Gender Prediction on Chatting Data .
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Venkatesh, Sushma;
Ramachandra, Raghavendra;
Bours, Patrick.
(2019)
Robust Algorithm for Multimodal Deception Detection.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Khodabakhsh, Ali;
Haasnoot, Erwin;
Bours, Patrick.
(2018)
Predicted Templates: Learning-curve Based Template Projection for Keystroke Dynamics.
Gesellschaft für Informatik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Pedersen, Marius;
Charrier, Christophe;
Bours, Patrick.
(2018)
Can image quality enhancement methods improve the performance of biometric systems for degraded face images?.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Charrier, Christophe;
Pedersen, Marius;
Bours, Patrick.
(2018)
Performance Evaluation of No-Reference Image Quality Metrics for Visible Wavelength Iris Biometric Images.
IEEE Signal Processing Society
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
Bours, Patrick;
Chen, Ray.
(2017)
Biometric Acoustic Ear Recognition.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick;
Evensen, Adrian.
(2017)
The Shakespeare experiment: Preliminary results for the recognition of a person based on the sound of walking.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick;
Brahmanpally, Sukanya.
(2017)
Language dependent challenge-based keystroke dynamics.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Sousedik, Ctirad;
Breithaupt, Ralph;
Bours, Patrick.
(2017)
Classification of Fingerprints Captured Using Optical Coherence Tomography.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick;
Johansen, Lasse;
Stenvi, Robin;
Øverbø, Magnus.
(2017)
Importance of a Versatile Logging Tool for Behavioural Biometrics and Continuous Authentication Research.
IGI Global
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2016)
Combining Keystroke and Mouse Dynamics for Continuous User Authentication and Identification.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Pleva, Matus;
Kiktova, Eva;
Viszlay, Peter;
Bours, Patrick.
(2016)
Acoustical keystroke analysis for user identification and authentication.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Pleva, Matus;
Bours, Patrick;
Hladek, Daniel;
Juhár, Jozef.
(2016)
Using current biometrics technologies for authentication in e-learning assessment.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Liu, Xinwei;
Pedersen, Marius;
Charrier, Christophe;
Alaya Cheikh, Faouzi;
Bours, Patrick.
(2016)
An improved 3-step contactless fingerprint image enhancement approach for minutiae detection.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Albahbooh, Nabeel Ali;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
A Mobile Phone Device as a Biometrics
Authentication Method for an ATM Terminal.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Continuous Authentication in a Real World Settings.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick;
Mondal, Soumik.
(2015)
Continuous Authentication with Keystroke Dynamics.
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Swipe Gesture based Continuous Authentication for Mobile Devices.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Does Context matter for the Performance of
Continuous Authentication Biometric Systems?
An Empirical Study on Mobile Device.
Gesellschaft für Informatik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Context independent continuous authentication using behavioural biometrics.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Iorliam, Aamo;
Ho, Anthony T.S.;
Poh, Norman;
Tirunagari, Santosh;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Data forensic techniques using Benford's law and Zipf's law for keystroke dynamics.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick;
Kiktova, Eva;
Pleva, Matus.
(2015)
Static Audio Keystroke Dynamics.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Monaco, John V.;
Perez, Gonzalo;
Tappert, Charles C.;
Bours, Patrick;
Mondal, Soumik;
Rajkumar, Sudalai.
(2015)
One-handed Keystroke Biometric Identification Competition
.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed;
Cherrier, Estelle;
Rosenberger, Christophe;
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Keystroke Dynamics Performance Enhancement With Soft Biometrics.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2015)
Continuous authentication and identification for mobile devices: Combining security and forensics.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2014)
Continuous Authentication using Fuzzy Logic.
ACM Publications
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Wu, Liang;
Bours, Patrick.
(2014)
Content Reconstruction using Keystroke Dynamics: Preliminary Results.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick;
Masoudian, Elnaz.
(2014)
Applying keystroke dynamics on one-time pin codes.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick;
Komanpally, Vathsala.
(2014)
Performance of keystroke dynamics when allowing typing corrections.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick;
Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed.
(2013)
Complexity measurement of a password for keystroke dynamics: preliminary study.
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mondal, Soumik;
Bours, Patrick.
(2013)
Continuous Authentication using Mouse Dynamics.
Gesellschaft für Informatik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed;
Cherrier, Estelle;
Rosenberger, Christophe;
Bours, Patrick.
(2013)
Soft Biometrics Database: a Benchmark for Keystroke Dynamics Biometric Systems.
Gesellschaft für Informatik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick;
Yang, Bian;
Busch, Christoph.
(2013)
Independent Performance Evaluation of Pseudonymous Identifier Fingerprint Verification Algorithms.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed;
Cherrier, Estelle;
Rosenberger, Christophe;
Bours, Patrick.
(2013)
Soft Biometrics for Keystroke Dynamics.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick.
(2012)
Towards Continuous Authentication Based on Gait Using Wearable Motion Recording Sensors.
IGI Global
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
McCallum, Simon;
Witte, Heiko;
Bours, Patrick.
(2012)
Biometric Access Control using Near Field Communication and Smart Phones.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
Balisane, Hewa;
Bours, Patrick;
Ahmed, Waqar;
Twigg, Peter.
(2011)
Gait Recognition for Children over a Longer Period.
Gesellschaft für Informatik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Busch, Christoph;
Bours, Patrick;
Yang, Bian.
(2011)
Fusion in fingerprint authentication: two finger types vs. two scanner types.
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick.
(2011)
Feature Selection in Keystroke Dynamics.
Tapir Akademisk Forlag
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Balisane, Hewa;
Derawi, Mohammad;
Bours, Patrick;
Ahmed, Waqar;
Twigg, Peter.
(2011)
Gait Recognition in Children under Special Circumstances.
Høgskolen i Gjøvik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Nickel, Claudia;
Derawi, Mohammad;
Bours, Patrick;
Busch, Christoph.
(2011)
Scenario test of accelerometer-based biometric gait recognition.
Høgskolen i Gjøvik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Balisane, Hewa;
Derawi, Mohammad;
Bours, Patrick;
Ahmed, Waqar;
Twigg, Peter.
(2011)
Performance of Gait Recognition in Children's Walking Compared to Adults.
Høgskolen i Gjøvik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bajrami, Gazmend;
Derawi, Mohammad;
Bours, Patrick.
(2011)
Towards an automatic gait recognition system using activity recognition (wearable based).
Høgskolen i Gjøvik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Seeger, Mark M.;
Bours, Patrick.
(2011)
How to comprehensively describe a biometric update mechnism for keystroke dynamics.
Høgskolen i Gjøvik
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mjaaland, Bendik Bjørklid;
Bours, Patrick;
Gligoroski, Danilo.
(2011)
Walk the Walk: Attacking Gait Biometrics by Imitation.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Yang, Bian;
Busch, Christoph;
Bours, Patrick;
Gafurov, Davrondzhon.
(2010)
Robust minutiae hash for fingerprint template protection.
SPIE - The International Society for Optics and Photonics
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Improved Hip-Based Individual Recognition Using Wearable Motion Recording Sensor.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Yang, Bian;
Busch, Christoph;
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Renewable Minutiae Templates with Tunable Size and Security.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
Nickel, Claudia;
Bours, Patrick;
Busch, Christoph.
(2010)
Unobtrusive User-Authentication on Mobile Phones Using Biometric Gait Recognition.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Larsen, Rasmus;
Busch, Christoph;
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Fusion of gait and fingerprint for user authentication on mobile devices.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick;
Shrestha, Raju.
(2010)
Eigensteps : a giant leap for gait recognition.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Yang, Bian;
Bours, Patrick;
Busch, Christoph.
(2010)
Independent Performance Evaluation of Fingerprint verification at the minutiae and pseudonymous identifier levels.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Snekkenes, Einar;
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Improved Gait Recognition Performance Using Cycle Matching.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick;
Yang, Bian;
Busch, Christoph.
(2010)
GUC100 Multi-scanner Fingerprint Database for In-House (Semi-public) Performance and Interoperability Evaluation.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Derawi, Mohammad;
Bours, Patrick;
Holien, Kjetil.
(2010)
Improved Cycle Detection for Accelerometer Based Gait Authentication.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Busch, Christoph;
Bours, Patrick;
Yang, Bian.
(2010)
Fusion in Fingerprint Authentication: Two Finger Scenarios.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Yang, Bian;
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Busch, Christoph;
Bours, Patrick.
(2010)
Encrypting Fingerprint Minutiae Templates by Random Quantization.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick;
Yang, Bian;
Busch, Christoph.
(2010)
Impact of Finger Type in Fingerprint Authentication.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mjaaland, Bendik Bjørklid;
Bours, Patrick;
Gligoroski, Danilo.
(2009)
Gait Mimicking - Attack Resistance Testing of Gait Authentication Systems.
Tapir Akademisk Forlag
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Borgen, Halvor;
Bours, Patrick;
Wolthusen, Stephen.
(2009)
Simulating the Influences of Aging and Ocular Disease on Biometric Recognition Performance.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Yang, Bian;
Busch, Christoph;
Derawi, Mohammad;
Gafurov, Davrondzhon;
Bours, Patrick.
(2009)
Geometric-Aligned Cancelable Fingerprint Templates.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Bours, Patrick;
Fullu, Christopher Johnsrud.
(2009)
A Login System Using Mouse Dynamics.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
Teaching
Courses
Media
2020
-
Academic lectureSingh, Jag Mohan; Ramachandra, Raghavendra; Bours, Patrick. (2020) Fusion of Texture and Optical Flow using Convolutional Neural Networks for Gender Classification in Videos. Artificial Intelligence Research Group INTAP 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Technologies and Applications , Gjøvik 2020-09-28 - 2020-09-30
2019
-
Academic lectureBorj, Parisa Rezaee; Bours, Patrick. (2019) Detecting Liars in Chats using Keystroke Dynamics. International Conference on Biometric Engineering and Applications 2019-05-29 - 2019-05-31
-
Academic lectureLi, Guoqiang; Borj, Parisa Rezaee; Bergeron, Loic; Bours, Patrick. (2019) Exploring Keystroke Dynamics and Stylometry Features for Gender Prediction on Chatting Data . international convention on information and communication technology, electronics and microelectronics 2019-05-20 - 2019-05-24
-
Academic lectureBours, Patrick. (2019) Using Behavioural Biometrics Beyond Gaining Access. International Conference on Biometric Engineering and Applications 2019-05-29 - 2019-05-31
-
Academic lectureBours, Patrick; Kulsrud, Halvor. (2019) Detection of Cyber Grooming in Online Conversations. IEEE International Workshop on Information Forensics and Security 2019-12-09 - 2019-12-12
-
Academic lectureWani, Mudasir Ahmad; Agarwal, Nancy; Bours, Patrick. (2019) Emotion-based Mining for Gender Prediction in Online Social Networks. ACM International Conference on Machine learning and Data Science 2019-12-16 - 2019-12-17
-
Academic lectureWani, Mudasir Ahmad; Agarwal, Nancy; Bours, Patrick; Jabin, Suraiya; Hussain, Syed Zeeshan. (2019) A Language-independent gender classifier for Online Social Networks. IEEE Conference on Information and Communication Technology 2019-12-06 - 2019-12-08
-
Academic lectureTome, Maria; Zace, Migel; Bours, Patrick. (2019) The impact of physical restrictions on the typing behaviour. International Conference on Information Systems and Technology Innovations: Smart economy and digital transformation 2019-05-17 - 2019-05-18
2018
-
Academic lectureLi, Guoqiang; Bours, Patrick. (2018) Studying WiFi and Accelerometer data based Authentication Method on Mobile Phones. ICBEA 2018 ICBEA 2018 (International Conference on Biometric Engineering and Applications) , Amsterdam 2018-05-16 - 2018-05-18
-
Academic lectureLi, Guoqiang; Bours, Patrick. (2018) A Mobile App Authentication Approach by Fusing the Scores from Multi-modal Data. Fusion 2018 Fusion 2018 (21st International Conference on Information Fusion) , Cambridge 2018-07-10 - 2018-07-13
-
Academic lectureLi, Guoqiang; Bours, Patrick. (2018) A Novel Mobilephone Application Authentication Approach based on Accelerometer and Gyroscope Data. BIOSIG 2018 (BIOSIG 2018) 17th International Conference of the Biometrics Special Interest Group , Darmstadt 2018-09-26 - 2018-09-28
2013
-
Academic lectureBours, Patrick; Mondal, Soumik. (2013) Continuous Authentication using Behavioural Biometrics. The Collaborative European Research Conference (CERC) , Cork 2013-10-17 - 2013-10-18
2010
-
Academic lectureGafurov, Davrondzhon; Yang, Bian; Bours, Patrick; Busch, Christoph. (2010) Independent Performance Evaluation of Biometric Systems: Minutiae Performance versus Pseudonymous Identifier Performance. NIST ITL's Information Access Division (IAD) The first International Biometric Performance Conference (IBPC 2010) , Gaithersburg 2010-03-02 - 2010-03-04