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  1. Employees

Språkvelger

Norsk

Patrick Bours

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Patrick Bours

Professor
Department of Information Security and Communication Technology
Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering

patrick.bours@ntnu.no
+4741265872 T511 Topasbygget Kallerud, Gjøvik
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About

Studied Discrete Mathematics at Eindhoven University of Technology in the Netherlands (MSc 1990, PhD 1994). Worked 10 years at the Netherlands National Communication Security Agency (NLNCSA) as a senior policy member in the area of crypto with a focus on public key crypto and random number generation.

Started 7/2005 as a PostDoc at the Norwegian Information Security Laboratory (NISlab) at Gjøvik University College in a project "Authentication in a Health Service Environment". As of 7/2008 I was appointed as Associate Professor at NISlab and specialized in authentication and more specifically biometrics. From 9/2012 I have a full professor position at NISlab. I was also head of NISlab in the period from 7/2009 till 6/2012.

My research interest include behavioural biometrics with many papers on Gait Recognition (recognizing a person by his/her walking style), Keystroke Dynamics (recognizing a person by his/her typing style), and Continuous Authentication (making sure that the person that is using a device is the same as the person that logged on to that device, so detecting a change of user). 

Currently research has shifted to behavioural analysis, working on various topics:

  • Early online grooming detection: This is done both based on analysis of online chat conversations as well as social interactions in a chat environment. It also includes detection of fake profiles using behavioural biometrics.
  • Contract cheat detection: This research has a focus on the detection of students that either have another student or an LLM to (partially) write their reports/deliveries.
  • LLM usage for research: This research investigates how (and under what circumstances or conditions) LLMs can be used for research purposes.

 

Publications

  • Chronological
  • By category
  • All publications registered in NVA

2021

  • Wani, Mudasir Ahmad; Agarwal, Nancy; Bours, Patrick. (2021) Impact of Unreliable Content on Social Media Users during COVID-19 and Stance Detection System. Electronics (Basel)
    Academic article
  • Wani, Mudasir Ahmad; Agarwal, Nancy; Bours, Patrick. (2021) Sexual-predator Detection System based on Social Behavior Biometric (SSB) Features. Procedia Computer Science
    Academic article
  • Theisen, Esther; Bours, Patrick; Agarwal, Nancy. (2021) Us against the World: Detection of Radical Language in Online Platforms. Norsk Informasjonssikkerhetskonferanse (NISK)
    Academic article
  • Borj, Parisa Rezaee; Raja, Kiran; Bours, Patrick. (2021) Detecting Sexual Predatory Chats by Perturbed Data and Balanced Ensembles.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

2020

  • Raffel, Lara; Bours, Patrick; Komandur, Sashidharan. (2020) Attention! Designing a Target Group-Oriented Risk Communication Strategy. Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS)
    Academic article
  • Agarwal, Nancy; Wani, Mudasir Ahmad; Bours, Patrick. (2020) Lex-pos feature-based grammar error detection system for the English language. Electronics (Basel)
    Academic article
  • Fauzi, Muhammad Ali; Bours, Patrick. (2020) Ensemble Method for Sexual Predators Identification in Online Chats.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

2019

  • Venkatesh, Sushma; Ramachandra, Raghavendra; Bours, Patrick. (2019) Robust Algorithm for Multimodal Deception Detection.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Liu, Xinwei; Charrier, Christophe; Pedersen, Marius; Bours, Patrick. (2019) How re-training process affect the performance of no-reference image quality metric for face images. IS&T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology
    Academic article
  • Borj, Parisa Rezaee; Raja, Kiran Bylappa; Bours, Patrick. (2019) On Preprocessing the Data for Improving Sexual Predator Detection.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Li, Guoqiang; Borj, Parisa Rezaee; Bergeron, Loic; Bours, Patrick. (2019) Exploring Keystroke Dynamics and Stylometry Features for Gender Prediction on Chatting Data.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick. (2019) International Conference on Cyber Security for Emerging Technologies. IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
    Academic anthology/Conference proceedings
  • Borj, Parisa Rezaee; Bours, Patrick. (2019) Detecting Liars in Chats using Keystroke Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Borj, Parisa Rezaee; Bours, Patrick. (2019) Predatory Conversation Detection.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

2018

  • Liu, Xinwei; Charrier, Christophe; Pedersen, Marius; Bours, Patrick. (2018) Study on color space for the performance of degraded face image recognition. IS&T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology
    Academic article
  • Liu, Xinwei; Pedersen, Marius; Charrier, Christophe; Bours, Patrick. (2018) Performance evaluation of no-reference image quality metrics for face biometric images. Journal of Electronic Imaging (JEI)
    Academic article
  • Liu, Xinwei; Charrier, Christophe; Pedersen, Marius; Bours, Patrick. (2018) Performance Evaluation of No-Reference Image Quality Metrics for Visible Wavelength Iris Biometric Images.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Liu, Xinwei; Pedersen, Marius; Charrier, Christophe; Bours, Patrick. (2018) Can image quality enhancement methods improve the performance of biometric systems for degraded face images?.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Khodabakhsh, Ali; Haasnoot, Erwin; Bours, Patrick. (2018) Predicted Templates: Learning-curve Based Template Projection for Keystroke Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

2017

  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick; Johansen, Lasse; Stenvi, Robin; Øverbø, Magnus. (2017) Importance of a Versatile Logging Tool for Behavioural Biometrics and Continuous Authentication Research.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Pleva, Matus; Bours, Patrick; Ondas, Stanislav; Juhár, Jozef. (2017) Improving static audio keystroke analysis by score fusion of acoustic and timing data. Multimedia Tools and Applications
    Academic article
  • Liu, Xinwei; Pedersen, Marius; Charrier, Christophe; Bours, Patrick. (2017) Can no-reference image quality metrics assess visible wavelength iris sample quality?. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Image Processing
    Academic article
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2017) Person Identification by Keystroke Dynamics Using Pairwise User Coupling. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
    Academic article
  • Sousedik, Ctirad; Breithaupt, Ralph; Bours, Patrick. (2017) Classification of Fingerprints Captured Using Optical Coherence Tomography.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Derawi, Mohammad; Bours, Patrick; Chen, Ray. (2017) Biometric Acoustic Ear Recognition.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2017) A study on continuous authentication using a combination of keystroke and mouse biometrics. Neurocomputing
    Academic article
  • Bours, Patrick; Evensen, Adrian. (2017) The Shakespeare experiment: Preliminary results for the recognition of a person based on the sound of walking.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick; Brahmanpally, Sukanya. (2017) Language dependent challenge-based keystroke dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

2016

  • Pleva, Matus; Kiktova, Eva; Viszlay, Peter; Bours, Patrick. (2016) Acoustical keystroke analysis for user identification and authentication.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Liu, Xinwei; Pedersen, Marius; Charrier, Christophe; Bours, Patrick; Busch, Christoph. (2016) The influence of fingerprint image degradations on the performance of biometric system and quality assessment. GI-Edition Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI)
    Academic article
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2016) Combining Keystroke and Mouse Dynamics for Continuous User Authentication and Identification.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Pleva, Matus; Bours, Patrick; Hladek, Daniel; Juhár, Jozef. (2016) Using current biometrics technologies for authentication in e-learning assessment.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Liu, Xinwei; Pedersen, Marius; Charrier, Christophe; Cheikh, Faouzi Alaya; Bours, Patrick. (2016) An improved 3-step contactless fingerprint image enhancement approach for minutiae detection.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

2015

  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Context independent continuous authentication using behavioural biometrics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick; Kiktova, Eva; Pleva, Matus. (2015) Static Audio Keystroke Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Pleva, Matus; Kiktova, Eva; Juhar, Josef; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Acoustical user identification based on MFCC analysis of keystrokes. Advances in Electrical and Electronic Engineering
    Academic article
  • Monaco, John V.; Perez, Gonzalo; Tappert, Charles C.; Bours, Patrick; Mondal, Soumik; Rajkumar, Sudalai. (2015) One-handed Keystroke Biometric Identification Competition.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed; Cherrier, Estelle; Rosenberger, Christophe; Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Keystroke Dynamics Performance Enhancement With Soft Biometrics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Iorliam, Aamo; Ho, Anthony T.S.; Poh, Norman; Tirunagari, Santosh; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Data forensic techniques using Benford's law and Zipf's law for keystroke dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Continuous authentication and identification for mobile devices: Combining security and forensics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Does Context matter for the Performance of Continuous Authentication Biometric Systems? An Empirical Study on Mobile Device.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Swipe Gesture based Continuous Authentication for Mobile Devices.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick; Mondal, Soumik. (2015) Performance evaluation of continuous authentication systems. IET Biometrics
    Academic article
  • Bours, Patrick; Mondal, Soumik. (2015) Continuous Authentication with Keystroke Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2015) A Computational Approach to the Continuous Authentication Biometric System. Information Sciences
    Academic article
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Continuous Authentication in a Real World Settings.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Albahbooh, Nabeel Ali; Bours, Patrick. (2015) A Mobile Phone Device as a Biometrics Authentication Method for an ATM Terminal.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

2014

  • Bours, Patrick; Komanpally, Vathsala. (2014) Performance of keystroke dynamics when allowing typing corrections.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed; Cherrier, Estelle; Rosenberger, Christophe; Bours, Patrick. (2014) Soft Biometrics for Keystroke Dynamics: Profiling Individuals While Typing Passwords. Computers & Security
    Academic article
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2014) Continuous Authentication using Fuzzy Logic.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick; Masoudian, Elnaz. (2014) Applying keystroke dynamics on one-time pin codes.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Motlagh, Mohammad Reza Mahmoudian; Bours, Patrick. (2014) User Identification Based on Eye Gaze Data. Norsk Informasjonssikkerhetskonferanse (NISK)
    Academic article
  • Wu, Liang; Bours, Patrick. (2014) Content Reconstruction using Keystroke Dynamics: Preliminary Results.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

2013

  • Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed; Cherrier, Estelle; Rosenberger, Christophe; Bours, Patrick. (2013) Soft Biometrics Database: a Benchmark for Keystroke Dynamics Biometric Systems.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2013) Continuous Authentication using Mouse Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed; Cherrier, Estelle; Rosenberger, Christophe; Bours, Patrick. (2013) Soft Biometrics for Keystroke Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick; Yang, Bian; Busch, Christoph. (2013) Independent Performance Evaluation of Pseudonymous Identifier Fingerprint Verification Algorithms.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Derawi, Mohammad; Bours, Patrick. (2013) Gait and Activity Recognition using Commercial Phones. Computers & Security
    Academic article
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick; Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed. (2013) Complexity measurement of a password for keystroke dynamics: preliminary study.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

2012

  • Bours, Patrick. (2012) Continuous keystroke dynamics: A different perspective towards biometric evaluation. Information Security Technical Report
    Academic article
  • Derawi, Mohammad; Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick. (2012) Towards Continuous Authentication Based on Gait Using Wearable Motion Recording Sensors.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Derawi, Mohammad; McCallum, Simon; Witte, Heiko; Bours, Patrick. (2012) Biometric Access Control using Near Field Communication and Smart Phones.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

2011

  • Derawi, Mohammad; Balisane, Hewa; Bours, Patrick; Ahmed, Waqar; Twigg, Peter. (2011) Gait Recognition for Children over a Longer Period.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mjaaland, Bendik Bjørklid; Bours, Patrick; Gligoroski, Danilo. (2011) Walk the Walk: Attacking Gait Biometrics by Imitation.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick. (2011) Feature Selection in Keystroke Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bajrami, Gazmend; Derawi, Mohammad; Bours, Patrick. (2011) Towards an automatic gait recognition system using activity recognition (wearable based).
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Nickel, Claudia; Derawi, Mohammad; Bours, Patrick; Busch, Christoph. (2011) Scenario test of accelerometer-based biometric gait recognition.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Balisane, Hewa; Derawi, Mohammad; Bours, Patrick; Ahmed, Waqar; Twigg, Peter. (2011) Performance of Gait Recognition in Children's Walking Compared to Adults.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick. (2011) Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop On Securityand Communication Networks (IWSCN 2011), 18-20 May, 2011, Gjøvik, Norway. Høgskolen i Gjøvik Høgskolen i Gjøvik
    Academic anthology/Conference proceedings
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Busch, Christoph; Bours, Patrick; Yang, Bian. (2011) Fusion in fingerprint authentication: two finger types vs. two scanner types.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick; Snekkenes, Einar. (2011) User authentication based on foot motion. Signal, Image and Video Processing
    Academic article
  • Balisane, Hewa; Derawi, Mohammad; Bours, Patrick; Ahmed, Waqar; Twigg, Peter. (2011) Gait Recognition in Children under Special Circumstances.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Seeger, Mark M.; Bours, Patrick. (2011) How to comprehensively describe a biometric update mechnism for keystroke dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

2010

  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick; Yang, Bian; Busch, Christoph. (2010) Impact of Finger Type in Fingerprint Authentication.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Yang, Bian; Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Busch, Christoph; Bours, Patrick. (2010) Encrypting Fingerprint Minutiae Templates by Random Quantization.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick. (2010) Improved Hip-Based Individual Recognition Using Wearable Motion Recording Sensor. Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS)
    Academic article
  • Yang, Bian; Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Busch, Christoph; Bours, Patrick. (2010) Encrypting Fingerprint Minutiae Templates by Random Quantization. Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS)
    Academic article
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick; Yang, Bian; Busch, Christoph. (2010) GUC100 Multi-scanner Fingerprint Database for In-House (Semi-public) Performance and Interoperability Evaluation.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Busch, Christoph; Bours, Patrick; Yang, Bian. (2010) Fusion in Fingerprint Authentication: Two Finger Scenarios.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Derawi, Mohammad; Nickel, Claudia; Bours, Patrick; Busch, Christoph. (2010) Unobtrusive User-Authentication on Mobile Phones Using Biometric Gait Recognition.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Derawi, Mohammad; Bours, Patrick; Holien, Kjetil. (2010) Improved Cycle Detection for Accelerometer Based Gait Authentication.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick. (2010) Norwegian Information Security Conference = Norsk Informasjonssikkerhetskonferanse : NISK 2010 . Gjøvik University College, Gjøvik, 23-24 November 2010. Tapir Akademisk Forlag Tapir Akademisk Forlag
    Academic anthology/Conference proceedings
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Yang, Bian; Bours, Patrick; Busch, Christoph. (2010) Independent Performance Evaluation of Fingerprint Verification at the Minutiae and Pseudonymous Identifier Levels. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC)
    Academic article
  • Yang, Bian; Busch, Christoph; Bours, Patrick; Gafurov, Davrondzhon. (2010) Robust minutiae hash for fingerprint template protection.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Derawi, Mohammad; Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Larsen, Rasmus; Busch, Christoph; Bours, Patrick. (2010) Fusion of gait and fingerprint for user authentication on mobile devices.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick; Shrestha, Raju. (2010) Eigensteps : a giant leap for gait recognition.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Yang, Bian; Busch, Christoph; Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick. (2010) Renewable Minutiae Templates with Tunable Size and Security.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick. (2010) Improved Hip-Based Individual Recognition Using Wearable Motion Recording Sensor.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Yang, Bian; Bours, Patrick; Busch, Christoph. (2010) Independent Performance Evaluation of Fingerprint verification at the minutiae and pseudonymous identifier levels.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Snekkenes, Einar; Bours, Patrick. (2010) Improved Gait Recognition Performance Using Cycle Matching.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick; Yang, Bian; Busch, Christoph. (2010) Impact of Finger Type in Fingerprint Authentication. Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS)
    Academic article

2009

  • Yang, Bian; Busch, Christoph; Derawi, Mohammad; Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick. (2009) Geometric-Aligned Cancelable Fingerprint Templates.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick; Fullu, Christopher Johnsrud. (2009) A Login System Using Mouse Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Borgen, Halvor; Bours, Patrick; Wolthusen, Stephen. (2009) Simulating the Influences of Aging and Ocular Disease on Biometric Recognition Performance.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mjaaland, Bendik Bjørklid; Bours, Patrick; Gligoroski, Danilo. (2009) Gait Mimicking - Attack Resistance Testing of Gait Authentication Systems.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

Journal publications

  • Wani, Mudasir Ahmad; Agarwal, Nancy; Bours, Patrick. (2021) Impact of Unreliable Content on Social Media Users during COVID-19 and Stance Detection System. Electronics (Basel)
    Academic article
  • Wani, Mudasir Ahmad; Agarwal, Nancy; Bours, Patrick. (2021) Sexual-predator Detection System based on Social Behavior Biometric (SSB) Features. Procedia Computer Science
    Academic article
  • Theisen, Esther; Bours, Patrick; Agarwal, Nancy. (2021) Us against the World: Detection of Radical Language in Online Platforms. Norsk Informasjonssikkerhetskonferanse (NISK)
    Academic article
  • Raffel, Lara; Bours, Patrick; Komandur, Sashidharan. (2020) Attention! Designing a Target Group-Oriented Risk Communication Strategy. Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS)
    Academic article
  • Agarwal, Nancy; Wani, Mudasir Ahmad; Bours, Patrick. (2020) Lex-pos feature-based grammar error detection system for the English language. Electronics (Basel)
    Academic article
  • Liu, Xinwei; Charrier, Christophe; Pedersen, Marius; Bours, Patrick. (2019) How re-training process affect the performance of no-reference image quality metric for face images. IS&T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology
    Academic article
  • Liu, Xinwei; Charrier, Christophe; Pedersen, Marius; Bours, Patrick. (2018) Study on color space for the performance of degraded face image recognition. IS&T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology
    Academic article
  • Liu, Xinwei; Pedersen, Marius; Charrier, Christophe; Bours, Patrick. (2018) Performance evaluation of no-reference image quality metrics for face biometric images. Journal of Electronic Imaging (JEI)
    Academic article
  • Pleva, Matus; Bours, Patrick; Ondas, Stanislav; Juhár, Jozef. (2017) Improving static audio keystroke analysis by score fusion of acoustic and timing data. Multimedia Tools and Applications
    Academic article
  • Liu, Xinwei; Pedersen, Marius; Charrier, Christophe; Bours, Patrick. (2017) Can no-reference image quality metrics assess visible wavelength iris sample quality?. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Image Processing
    Academic article
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2017) Person Identification by Keystroke Dynamics Using Pairwise User Coupling. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
    Academic article
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2017) A study on continuous authentication using a combination of keystroke and mouse biometrics. Neurocomputing
    Academic article
  • Liu, Xinwei; Pedersen, Marius; Charrier, Christophe; Bours, Patrick; Busch, Christoph. (2016) The influence of fingerprint image degradations on the performance of biometric system and quality assessment. GI-Edition Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI)
    Academic article
  • Pleva, Matus; Kiktova, Eva; Juhar, Josef; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Acoustical user identification based on MFCC analysis of keystrokes. Advances in Electrical and Electronic Engineering
    Academic article
  • Bours, Patrick; Mondal, Soumik. (2015) Performance evaluation of continuous authentication systems. IET Biometrics
    Academic article
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2015) A Computational Approach to the Continuous Authentication Biometric System. Information Sciences
    Academic article
  • Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed; Cherrier, Estelle; Rosenberger, Christophe; Bours, Patrick. (2014) Soft Biometrics for Keystroke Dynamics: Profiling Individuals While Typing Passwords. Computers & Security
    Academic article
  • Motlagh, Mohammad Reza Mahmoudian; Bours, Patrick. (2014) User Identification Based on Eye Gaze Data. Norsk Informasjonssikkerhetskonferanse (NISK)
    Academic article
  • Derawi, Mohammad; Bours, Patrick. (2013) Gait and Activity Recognition using Commercial Phones. Computers & Security
    Academic article
  • Bours, Patrick. (2012) Continuous keystroke dynamics: A different perspective towards biometric evaluation. Information Security Technical Report
    Academic article
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick; Snekkenes, Einar. (2011) User authentication based on foot motion. Signal, Image and Video Processing
    Academic article
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick. (2010) Improved Hip-Based Individual Recognition Using Wearable Motion Recording Sensor. Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS)
    Academic article
  • Yang, Bian; Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Busch, Christoph; Bours, Patrick. (2010) Encrypting Fingerprint Minutiae Templates by Random Quantization. Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS)
    Academic article
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Yang, Bian; Bours, Patrick; Busch, Christoph. (2010) Independent Performance Evaluation of Fingerprint Verification at the Minutiae and Pseudonymous Identifier Levels. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC)
    Academic article
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick; Yang, Bian; Busch, Christoph. (2010) Impact of Finger Type in Fingerprint Authentication. Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS)
    Academic article

Books

  • Bours, Patrick. (2019) International Conference on Cyber Security for Emerging Technologies. IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
    Academic anthology/Conference proceedings
  • Bours, Patrick. (2011) Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop On Securityand Communication Networks (IWSCN 2011), 18-20 May, 2011, Gjøvik, Norway. Høgskolen i Gjøvik Høgskolen i Gjøvik
    Academic anthology/Conference proceedings
  • Bours, Patrick. (2010) Norwegian Information Security Conference = Norsk Informasjonssikkerhetskonferanse : NISK 2010 . Gjøvik University College, Gjøvik, 23-24 November 2010. Tapir Akademisk Forlag Tapir Akademisk Forlag
    Academic anthology/Conference proceedings

Part of book/report

  • Borj, Parisa Rezaee; Raja, Kiran; Bours, Patrick. (2021) Detecting Sexual Predatory Chats by Perturbed Data and Balanced Ensembles.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Fauzi, Muhammad Ali; Bours, Patrick. (2020) Ensemble Method for Sexual Predators Identification in Online Chats.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Venkatesh, Sushma; Ramachandra, Raghavendra; Bours, Patrick. (2019) Robust Algorithm for Multimodal Deception Detection.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Borj, Parisa Rezaee; Raja, Kiran Bylappa; Bours, Patrick. (2019) On Preprocessing the Data for Improving Sexual Predator Detection.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Li, Guoqiang; Borj, Parisa Rezaee; Bergeron, Loic; Bours, Patrick. (2019) Exploring Keystroke Dynamics and Stylometry Features for Gender Prediction on Chatting Data.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Borj, Parisa Rezaee; Bours, Patrick. (2019) Detecting Liars in Chats using Keystroke Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Borj, Parisa Rezaee; Bours, Patrick. (2019) Predatory Conversation Detection.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Liu, Xinwei; Charrier, Christophe; Pedersen, Marius; Bours, Patrick. (2018) Performance Evaluation of No-Reference Image Quality Metrics for Visible Wavelength Iris Biometric Images.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Liu, Xinwei; Pedersen, Marius; Charrier, Christophe; Bours, Patrick. (2018) Can image quality enhancement methods improve the performance of biometric systems for degraded face images?.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Khodabakhsh, Ali; Haasnoot, Erwin; Bours, Patrick. (2018) Predicted Templates: Learning-curve Based Template Projection for Keystroke Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick; Johansen, Lasse; Stenvi, Robin; Øverbø, Magnus. (2017) Importance of a Versatile Logging Tool for Behavioural Biometrics and Continuous Authentication Research.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Sousedik, Ctirad; Breithaupt, Ralph; Bours, Patrick. (2017) Classification of Fingerprints Captured Using Optical Coherence Tomography.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Derawi, Mohammad; Bours, Patrick; Chen, Ray. (2017) Biometric Acoustic Ear Recognition.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick; Evensen, Adrian. (2017) The Shakespeare experiment: Preliminary results for the recognition of a person based on the sound of walking.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick; Brahmanpally, Sukanya. (2017) Language dependent challenge-based keystroke dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Pleva, Matus; Kiktova, Eva; Viszlay, Peter; Bours, Patrick. (2016) Acoustical keystroke analysis for user identification and authentication.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2016) Combining Keystroke and Mouse Dynamics for Continuous User Authentication and Identification.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Pleva, Matus; Bours, Patrick; Hladek, Daniel; Juhár, Jozef. (2016) Using current biometrics technologies for authentication in e-learning assessment.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Liu, Xinwei; Pedersen, Marius; Charrier, Christophe; Cheikh, Faouzi Alaya; Bours, Patrick. (2016) An improved 3-step contactless fingerprint image enhancement approach for minutiae detection.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Context independent continuous authentication using behavioural biometrics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick; Kiktova, Eva; Pleva, Matus. (2015) Static Audio Keystroke Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Monaco, John V.; Perez, Gonzalo; Tappert, Charles C.; Bours, Patrick; Mondal, Soumik; Rajkumar, Sudalai. (2015) One-handed Keystroke Biometric Identification Competition.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed; Cherrier, Estelle; Rosenberger, Christophe; Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Keystroke Dynamics Performance Enhancement With Soft Biometrics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Iorliam, Aamo; Ho, Anthony T.S.; Poh, Norman; Tirunagari, Santosh; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Data forensic techniques using Benford's law and Zipf's law for keystroke dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Continuous authentication and identification for mobile devices: Combining security and forensics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Does Context matter for the Performance of Continuous Authentication Biometric Systems? An Empirical Study on Mobile Device.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Swipe Gesture based Continuous Authentication for Mobile Devices.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick; Mondal, Soumik. (2015) Continuous Authentication with Keystroke Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2015) Continuous Authentication in a Real World Settings.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Albahbooh, Nabeel Ali; Bours, Patrick. (2015) A Mobile Phone Device as a Biometrics Authentication Method for an ATM Terminal.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick; Komanpally, Vathsala. (2014) Performance of keystroke dynamics when allowing typing corrections.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2014) Continuous Authentication using Fuzzy Logic.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick; Masoudian, Elnaz. (2014) Applying keystroke dynamics on one-time pin codes.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Wu, Liang; Bours, Patrick. (2014) Content Reconstruction using Keystroke Dynamics: Preliminary Results.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed; Cherrier, Estelle; Rosenberger, Christophe; Bours, Patrick. (2013) Soft Biometrics Database: a Benchmark for Keystroke Dynamics Biometric Systems.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick. (2013) Continuous Authentication using Mouse Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed; Cherrier, Estelle; Rosenberger, Christophe; Bours, Patrick. (2013) Soft Biometrics for Keystroke Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick; Yang, Bian; Busch, Christoph. (2013) Independent Performance Evaluation of Pseudonymous Identifier Fingerprint Verification Algorithms.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mondal, Soumik; Bours, Patrick; Idrus, Syed Zulkarnain Syed. (2013) Complexity measurement of a password for keystroke dynamics: preliminary study.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Derawi, Mohammad; Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick. (2012) Towards Continuous Authentication Based on Gait Using Wearable Motion Recording Sensors.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Derawi, Mohammad; McCallum, Simon; Witte, Heiko; Bours, Patrick. (2012) Biometric Access Control using Near Field Communication and Smart Phones.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Derawi, Mohammad; Balisane, Hewa; Bours, Patrick; Ahmed, Waqar; Twigg, Peter. (2011) Gait Recognition for Children over a Longer Period.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mjaaland, Bendik Bjørklid; Bours, Patrick; Gligoroski, Danilo. (2011) Walk the Walk: Attacking Gait Biometrics by Imitation.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick. (2011) Feature Selection in Keystroke Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bajrami, Gazmend; Derawi, Mohammad; Bours, Patrick. (2011) Towards an automatic gait recognition system using activity recognition (wearable based).
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Nickel, Claudia; Derawi, Mohammad; Bours, Patrick; Busch, Christoph. (2011) Scenario test of accelerometer-based biometric gait recognition.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Balisane, Hewa; Derawi, Mohammad; Bours, Patrick; Ahmed, Waqar; Twigg, Peter. (2011) Performance of Gait Recognition in Children's Walking Compared to Adults.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Busch, Christoph; Bours, Patrick; Yang, Bian. (2011) Fusion in fingerprint authentication: two finger types vs. two scanner types.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Balisane, Hewa; Derawi, Mohammad; Bours, Patrick; Ahmed, Waqar; Twigg, Peter. (2011) Gait Recognition in Children under Special Circumstances.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Seeger, Mark M.; Bours, Patrick. (2011) How to comprehensively describe a biometric update mechnism for keystroke dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick; Yang, Bian; Busch, Christoph. (2010) Impact of Finger Type in Fingerprint Authentication.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Yang, Bian; Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Busch, Christoph; Bours, Patrick. (2010) Encrypting Fingerprint Minutiae Templates by Random Quantization.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick; Yang, Bian; Busch, Christoph. (2010) GUC100 Multi-scanner Fingerprint Database for In-House (Semi-public) Performance and Interoperability Evaluation.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Busch, Christoph; Bours, Patrick; Yang, Bian. (2010) Fusion in Fingerprint Authentication: Two Finger Scenarios.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Derawi, Mohammad; Nickel, Claudia; Bours, Patrick; Busch, Christoph. (2010) Unobtrusive User-Authentication on Mobile Phones Using Biometric Gait Recognition.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Derawi, Mohammad; Bours, Patrick; Holien, Kjetil. (2010) Improved Cycle Detection for Accelerometer Based Gait Authentication.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Yang, Bian; Busch, Christoph; Bours, Patrick; Gafurov, Davrondzhon. (2010) Robust minutiae hash for fingerprint template protection.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Derawi, Mohammad; Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Larsen, Rasmus; Busch, Christoph; Bours, Patrick. (2010) Fusion of gait and fingerprint for user authentication on mobile devices.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick; Shrestha, Raju. (2010) Eigensteps : a giant leap for gait recognition.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Yang, Bian; Busch, Christoph; Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick. (2010) Renewable Minutiae Templates with Tunable Size and Security.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick. (2010) Improved Hip-Based Individual Recognition Using Wearable Motion Recording Sensor.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Yang, Bian; Bours, Patrick; Busch, Christoph. (2010) Independent Performance Evaluation of Fingerprint verification at the minutiae and pseudonymous identifier levels.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Snekkenes, Einar; Bours, Patrick. (2010) Improved Gait Recognition Performance Using Cycle Matching.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Yang, Bian; Busch, Christoph; Derawi, Mohammad; Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick. (2009) Geometric-Aligned Cancelable Fingerprint Templates.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Bours, Patrick; Fullu, Christopher Johnsrud. (2009) A Login System Using Mouse Dynamics.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Borgen, Halvor; Bours, Patrick; Wolthusen, Stephen. (2009) Simulating the Influences of Aging and Ocular Disease on Biometric Recognition Performance.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
  • Mjaaland, Bendik Bjørklid; Bours, Patrick; Gligoroski, Danilo. (2009) Gait Mimicking - Attack Resistance Testing of Gait Authentication Systems.
    Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

Teaching

Courses

  • IMT4126 - Biometrics
  • TTM4191 - Fundamentals of Communication Technology and Security for SmartGrid
  • IMT4205 - Research Project Planning
  • IMT4113 - Introduction to Cyber and Information Security Technology
  • TTM4905 - Master's Thesis
  • IMT6121 - Behavioural Biometrics

Supervision

  • Ongoing supervision:
    • sd

 

  • Completed supervision:
    • 2025: Eirik Granvin Bakke: "Time series-based Detection of Cyber-Physical Attacks using Artificial Intelligence in Mobile Robots" (co-supervised with Sabarathinam Chockalingam and Levente Nyusti from IFE)
    • 2025: Ole Anders Hvalsmarken: "Predicting policy violation in online game - The untapped potential in player reports" (co-supervised with Chris Coello, AIBA AS)
    • 2025: Casper Pettersen: "Text Alteration Complexity and Its Effect on Authorship Verification Performance - A BERT-Based Approach to Authorship Verification"
    • 2025: Erki Sulg: "Detecting Anomalous Conversations in Imbalanced and Unlabeled Datasets"

Outreach

2020

  • Academic lecture
    Singh, Jag Mohan; Ramachandra, Raghavendra; Bours, Patrick. (2020) Fusion of Texture and Optical Flow using Convolutional Neural Networks for Gender Classification in Videos. INTAP 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Technologies and Applications , Gjøvik 2020-09-28 - 2020-09-30

2019

  • Academic lecture
    Wani, Mudasir Ahmad; Agarwal, Nancy; Bours, Patrick. (2019) Emotion-based Mining for Gender Prediction in Online Social Networks. ACM International Conference on Machine learning and Data Science 2019-12-16 - 2019-12-17
  • Academic lecture
    Wani, Mudasir Ahmad; Agarwal, Nancy; Bours, Patrick; Jabin, Suraiya; Hussain, Syed Zeeshan. (2019) A Language-independent gender classifier for Online Social Networks. IEEE Conference on Information and Communication Technology 2019-12-06 - 2019-12-08
  • Academic lecture
    Bours, Patrick; Kulsrud, Halvor. (2019) Detection of Cyber Grooming in Online Conversations. IEEE International Workshop on Information Forensics and Security 2019-12-09 - 2019-12-12
  • Academic lecture
    Borj, Parisa Rezaee; Bours, Patrick. (2019) Detecting Liars in Chats using Keystroke Dynamics. International Conference on Biometric Engineering and Applications 2019-05-29 - 2019-05-31
  • Academic lecture
    Li, Guoqiang; Borj, Parisa Rezaee; Bergeron, Loic; Bours, Patrick. (2019) Exploring Keystroke Dynamics and Stylometry Features for Gender Prediction on Chatting Data. international convention on information and communication technology, electronics and microelectronics 2019-05-20 - 2019-05-24
  • Academic lecture
    Bours, Patrick. (2019) Using Behavioural Biometrics Beyond Gaining Access. International Conference on Biometric Engineering and Applications 2019-05-29 - 2019-05-31
  • Academic lecture
    Tome, Maria; Zace, Migel; Bours, Patrick. (2019) The impact of physical restrictions on the typing behaviour. International Conference on Information Systems and Technology Innovations: Smart economy and digital transformation 2019-05-17 - 2019-05-18

2018

  • Academic lecture
    Li, Guoqiang; Bours, Patrick. (2018) A Novel Mobilephone Application Authentication Approach based on Accelerometer and Gyroscope Data. (BIOSIG 2018) 17th International Conference of the Biometrics Special Interest Group , Darmstadt 2018-09-26 - 2018-09-28
  • Academic lecture
    Li, Guoqiang; Bours, Patrick. (2018) A Mobile App Authentication Approach by Fusing the Scores from Multi-modal Data. Fusion 2018 (21st International Conference on Information Fusion) , Cambridge 2018-07-10 - 2018-07-13
  • Academic lecture
    Li, Guoqiang; Bours, Patrick. (2018) Studying WiFi and Accelerometer data based Authentication Method on Mobile Phones. ICBEA 2018 (International Conference on Biometric Engineering and Applications) , Amsterdam 2018-05-16 - 2018-05-18

2013

  • Academic lecture
    Bours, Patrick; Mondal, Soumik. (2013) Continuous Authentication using Behavioural Biometrics. The Collaborative European Research Conference (CERC) , Cork 2013-10-17 - 2013-10-18

2010

  • Academic lecture
    Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Yang, Bian; Bours, Patrick; Busch, Christoph. (2010) Independent Performance Evaluation of Biometric Systems: Minutiae Performance versus Pseudonymous Identifier Performance. The first International Biometric Performance Conference (IBPC 2010) , Gaithersburg 2010-03-02 - 2010-03-04

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