G Richard Strimbeck

Research

Extreme frost tolerance in boreal conifers

I study the mechanisms of extreme frost tolerance in boreal forest conifers such as Siberian spruce, (Picea obovata, a close relative of Norway spruce, P. abies), and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). Populations of these species live in Siberia, where winter temperatures often fall below -60˚C and can remain below -40˚C for weeks at a time. Understanding how these species survive such extreme cold may help predict their responses to global warming, and may also lead to improved methods of food, drug, cell, and tissue preservation by freezing or drying.

Working with the extensive conifer collection in the arboretum at the Ringve Botanical Garden, we compared the midwinter frost tolerance and acclimation and deacclimation processes in needles of boreal, temperate coastal, and temperate mountain species of spruce, pine, and fir. We found marked differences in their responses to freezing stress that indicate fundamental differences in the physiological and biochemical strategies they employ to survive freezing stress. In particular, boreal species can survive immersion in liquid nitrogen at -196˚C, provided they are first slowly cooled to -20 to -30˚C. This supports the hypothesis that the cell contents go through a glass transition (or vitrification) in this temperature range, whereby the water and dissolved substances in the cell become locked in a kind of molecular suspended animation that prevents cell damage at lower temperatures.

We have focused on sugars and proteins as likely contributors to extreme frost tolerance. These may help cells vitrify at relatively high temperatures, or interact directly with functional proteins and cell membranes to protect them from the effects of freezing stress.

Sugars accumulate in plant cells during frost hardening, and various studies have shown that they may have cryoprotective properties. Sucrose solutions also vitrify readily; many types of candy consist of flavored, vitrified sucrose. Working with Paul Schaberg at the U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station in Burlington, Vermont, we have studied changes in sugar concentrations in temperate and boreal conifer needles during acclimation, through the midwinter period, and during deacclimation in the spring. Although the common plant sugar sucrose, a disaccharide, is most abundant, we found that the oligosaccharides raffinose and, in some species, stachyose are most closely associated with frost tolerance. Up to 45% of the total sugar in fully hardy boreal species is raffinose, and this sugar has a considerably higher vitrification temperature than sucrose.

In collaboration with the Umeå Plant Science Center, PhD student Trygve Kjellsen used 2D Difference Gel Electrophoresis (DiGE), a cutting-edge proteomic technique, to identify proteins that accumulate during early and late frost hardening in Picea obovata, the most frost tolerant species we have identified so far. Many of these proteins have known functions that are related to dormancy and frost hardening or other stresses, but there are also a number of unknown proteins that merit further study. Trygve also worked extensively with dehydrins, a group of non-enzymatic proteins that accumulate in during frost hardening and in response to certain kinds of stress. He has identified three different dehydrins associated with hardening in P. obovata, two of which accumulate during late acclimation as the needles achieve maximum frost tolerance. By isolating these dehydrins and testing them in cryoprotection assays, we hope to learn how they function in extreme frost tolerance.

In addition to isolating and characterizing dehydrins, I plan to continue proteomic work with other boreal conifer species and study vitrification as a mechanism of extreme frost tolerance. I would also like to expand my research into other aspects of the winter physiology of conifers, for example light stress or the tradeoff between frost tolerance and photosynthetic capacity in winter. As global warming results in dramatic changes in the physical environment of boreal forest ecosystems, an understanding of how the dominant tree species cope with warmer winters will help predict the consequences of and frame solutions to the challenge of global warming.

Raffinose concentration and frost tolerance in temperate and boreal species of fir, spruce and pine.

Image analysis procedure used to quantify color changes in needles after freezing stress and exposure to light.

A 2D gel, with proteins that are differentially expressed during frost hardening circled in red.

Quantification of necrosis (orange), chlorosis (yellow), and green needle tissue in samples of temperate (left) and boreal (right) fir species as affected by temperature after slow freezing (top), and slow freezing followed by quenching in liquid nitrogen at -196˚C (bottom).

Publications

2025

Strimbeck, George Richard. (2025) Order in Chaos: Lesser-Conserved and Repeat Structures in Dehydrins. Biomolecules
Academic article

2024

Fossdal, Carl Gunnar; Krokene, Paal; Olsen, Jorunn Elisabeth; Strimbeck, George Richard; Viejo, Marcos; Yakovlev, Igor. (2024) Epigenetic stress memory in gymnosperms. Plant Physiology
Academic literature review

2023

Blakstad, Jakob Irgens; Strimbeck, George Richard; Poveda, Jorge; Bones, Atle Magnar; Kissen, Ralph. (2023) Frass from yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) as plant fertilizer and defense priming agent. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology
Academic article

2022

Naranjo, Domenica; Strimbeck, George Richard; Graae, Bente Jessen. (2022) How do lichens, willow shrubs, meadow, and heath plant communities affect microclimate?. NTNU
Masters thesis
Depauw, Leen; Hu, Ri; Dhungana, Khumanand Sharma; Govaert, Sanne; Meeussen, Camille; Vangansbeke, Pieter. (2022) Functional trait variation of Anemone nemorosa along macro- and microclimatic gradients close to the northern range edge. Nordic Journal of Botany (NJB)
Academic article

2021

Blonder, Benjamin; Ray, Courtenay A.; Walton, James A.; Castaneda, Marco; Chadwick, K. Dana; Clyne, Michael O.. (2021) Cytotype and genotype predict mortality and recruitment in Colorado quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides). Ecological Applications
Academic article
Buvik, Vanja; Strimbeck, Richard; Knuutila, Hanna K. (2021) Experimental Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Ethanolamine . SINTEF akademisk forlag
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
Opedal, Øystein H; Nystuen, Kristin Odden; Hagen, Dagmar; Holien, Håkon; Sørensen, Mia Vedel; Lang, Simone. (2021) Herbivores reduce seedling recruitment in alpine plant communities. Nordic Journal of Botany (NJB)
Academic article

2019

Sørensen, Mia Vedel; Graae, Bente Jessen; Classen, Aimée T.; Enquist, Brian J.; Strimbeck, Richard. (2019) Drivers of C cycling in three arctic-alpine plant communities . Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine research
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard; Graae, Bente Jessen; Lang, Simone; Sørensen, Mia Vedel. (2019) Functional group contributions to carbon fluxes in arctic-alpine ecosystems. Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine research
Academic article
Nystuen, Kristin Odden; Sundsdal, Kristine; Opedal, Øystein Hjorthol; Holien, Håkon; Strimbeck, Richard; Graae, Bente Jessen. (2019) Lichens facilitate seedling recruitment in alpine heath. Journal of Vegetation Science (JVS)
Academic article
Huri, Huri; Graae, Bente Jessen; Strimbeck, Richard; De Frenne, Pieter. (2019) How does a forest herb species change its reproductive allocation patterns in response to microclimate variation. NTNU
Masters thesis
Blonder, Benjamin; Graae, Bente Jessen; Greer, Burke; Haagsma, Marja; Helsen, Kenny; Kapás, Rozália Erzsebet. (2019) Remote sensing of ploidy level in quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.). Journal of Ecology
Academic article
Kolstad, Anders Lorentzen; Austrheim, Gunnar; Graae, Bente Jessen; Solberg, Erling Johan; Strimbeck, Richard; Speed, James David Mervyn. (2019) Moose effects on soil temperatures, tree canopies, and understory vegetation: a path analysis. Ecosphere
Academic article

2018

Sørensen, Mia Vedel; Graae, Bente Jessen; Hagen, Dagmar; Enquist, Brian J.; Nystuen, Kristin Odden; Strimbeck, Richard. (2018) Experimental herbivore exclusion, shrub introduction, and carbon sequestration in alpine plant communities. BMC Ecology
Academic article

2017

Sørensen, Mia Vedel; Strimbeck, Richard; Nystuen, Kristin Odden; Kapás, Rozália Erzsebet; Enquist, Brian J.; Graae, Bente Jessen. (2017) Draining the pool? Carbon storage and fluxes in three alpine plant communities. Ecosystems
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard. (2017) Hiding in plain sight: the F segment and other conserved features of seed plant SKn dehydrins. Planta
Academic article

2016

Strimbeck, Richard; Liasjø, Arnt Ove. (2016) Carbon Fluxes in Mosses in Alpine Ecosystems. Norwegian Univ. of Sci. & Tech
Masters thesis
Hjermstad-Sollerud, Håvard; Strimbeck, Richard; Rohloff, Jens. (2016) Short-term heat stress in situ reduces net photosynthesis and alters metabolite composition in the arctic poppy Papaver dahlianum. Institutt for biologi, NTNU
Masters thesis

2015

Pelabon, Christophe; Hennet, Lauriane; Strimbeck, Richard; Johnson, Hansen D; Armbruster, William Scott. (2015) Blossom colour change after pollination provides carbon for developing seeds. Functional Ecology
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard; Schaberg, Paul G.; Fossdal, Carl Gunnar; Schröder, Wolfgang; Kjellsen, Trygve Devold. (2015) Extreme low temperature tolerance in woody plants. Frontiers in Plant Science
Academic literature review
Mayoral, Carolina; Strimbeck, Richard; Sanchez-Gonzalez, Mariola; Calama, Rafael; Pardos, Marta. (2015) Dynamics of frost tolerance during regeneration in a mixed (pine–oak–juniper) Mediterranean forest. Trees
Academic article
Carón, Maria Mercedes; De Frenne, Pieter; Brunet, J; Chabrerie, Olivier; Cousins, Sara A.O.; DeBacker, G.. (2015) Interacting effects of warming and drought on regeneration and early growth of Acer pseudoplatanusand A. platanoides. Plant Biology
Academic article
Eckert, Diana; Strimbeck, Richard. (2015) The effect of temperature on photosynthetic rates of alpine shrubs. NTNU
Masters thesis
Negard, Ane; Strimbeck, Richard; Ahuja, Ishita; Bones, Atle M.; Rohloff, Jens. (2015) Response of transgenic rape (Brassica napus) MINELESS plants to light and temperature stress factors. NTNU
Masters thesis
Carón, Maria Mercedes; De Frenne, Pieter; Chabrerie, Olivier; Cousins, Sara A.O.; De Backer, Lieven; Decocq, Guillaume. (2015) Impacts of warming and changes in precipitation frequency on the regeneration of two Acer species. Flora: Morphologie, Geobotanik, Oekophysiologie
Academic article

2014

Angelcheva, L.; Mishra, Y; Antti, Henrik; Kjellsen, Trygve Devold; Funk, Christiane; Strimbeck, Richard. (2014) Metabolomic analysis of extreme freezing tolerance in Siberian spruce (Picea obovata). New Phytologist
Academic article
Carón, Maria Mercedes; De Frenne, Pieter; Brunet, Jörg; Chabrerie, Olivier; Cousins, Sara A.O.; De Backer, L.. (2014) Latitudinal variation in seeds characteristics of Acer platanoides and A. pseudoplatanus. Plant Ecology
Academic article
Rajakumar, Priyanka; Rohloff, Jens; Strimbeck, Richard. (2014) Metabolite changes in conifer buds and needles during forced bud break in Norway spruce (Picea abies) and European silver fir (Abies alba). Frontiers in Plant Science
Academic article

2013

Kjellsen, Trygve Devold; Yakovlev, Igor; Fossdal, Carl Gunnar; Strimbeck, Richard. (2013) Dehydrin accumulation and extreme low-temperature tolerance in Siberian spruce (Picea obovata). Tree Physiology
Academic article
Fløystad, Rannveig Bø; Strimbeck, Richard. (2013) Too Much of a Good Thing: Photoprotection in Boreal Conifers in Winter. NTNU
Masters thesis

2012

Wolff , Silje Aase; Karoliussen, Irene; Rohloff, Jens; Strimbeck, Richard. (2012) Foliar applications of silicon fertilisers inhibit powdery mildew development in greenhouse cucumber. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment (JFAE)
Academic article
Shiryaeva, Liudmila; Antti, Henrik; Schröder, Wolfgang; Strimbeck, Richard; Shiriaev, Anton. (2012) Pair-wise multicomparison and OPLS analyses of cold-acclimation phases in Siberian spruce. Metabolomics
Academic article

2011

Dhuli, Priyanka; Strimbeck, Richard; Rohloff, Jens. (2011) Metabolite changes in conifer buds and needles during bud break - Norway spruce (Picea abies) and European silver fir (Abies alba). Institutt for biologi, NTNU
Masters thesis

2010

Songøygard, Marte Moksnes; Strimbeck, Richard. (2010) Correlations between Dehydrins and Frost Tolerance in Needles of Picea. NTNU, Institutt for biologi
Masters thesis
Strimbeck, Richard; Kjellsen, Trygve D.. (2010) First frost: Effects of single and repeated freezing events on acclimation in Picea abies and other boreal and temperate conifers. Forest Ecology and Management
Academic article
Kjellsen, Trygve Devold; Shiryaeva, Liudmila; Strimbeck, Richard; Schröder, Wolfgang. (2010) Proteomics of extreme freezing tolerance in Siberian spruce (Picea obovata). Journal of Proteomics
Academic article

2009

Strimbeck, Richard. (2009) Plant Communities and Vegetation Processes in the Mountain Landscape. Ashgate
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
Strimbeck, Richard; Schaberg, PG. (2009) Going to Extremes: Low-temperature Tolerance and Acclimation in Temperate and Boreal Conifers. CABI Publishing
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

2001

Strimbeck, Richard. (2001) Mechanisms of frost survival and freeze-damage in nature.
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
Strimbeck, Richard. (2001) Red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) cold hardiness and freezing injury susceptibility.
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

2000

Strimbeck, Richard. (2000) Rapid freezing injury in red spruce: seasonal changes in sensitivity and effects of temperature range. Tree Physiology
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard. (2000) Acid mist and soil Ca and Al alter the mineral nutrition and physiology of red spruce. Tree Physiology
Academic article

1999

Strimbeck, Richard. (1999) Acid Rain Impacts on Calcium Nutrition and Forest Health - Alteration of membrane-associated calcium leads to membrane destabilization and foliar injury in red spruce. BioScience
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard. (1999) Cold tolerance and photosystem function in a montane red spruce population: physiological relationships with foliar carbohydrates. Journal of Sustainable Forestry
Academic article

Journal publications

Strimbeck, George Richard. (2025) Order in Chaos: Lesser-Conserved and Repeat Structures in Dehydrins. Biomolecules
Academic article
Fossdal, Carl Gunnar; Krokene, Paal; Olsen, Jorunn Elisabeth; Strimbeck, George Richard; Viejo, Marcos; Yakovlev, Igor. (2024) Epigenetic stress memory in gymnosperms. Plant Physiology
Academic literature review
Blakstad, Jakob Irgens; Strimbeck, George Richard; Poveda, Jorge; Bones, Atle Magnar; Kissen, Ralph. (2023) Frass from yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) as plant fertilizer and defense priming agent. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology
Academic article
Depauw, Leen; Hu, Ri; Dhungana, Khumanand Sharma; Govaert, Sanne; Meeussen, Camille; Vangansbeke, Pieter. (2022) Functional trait variation of Anemone nemorosa along macro- and microclimatic gradients close to the northern range edge. Nordic Journal of Botany (NJB)
Academic article
Blonder, Benjamin; Ray, Courtenay A.; Walton, James A.; Castaneda, Marco; Chadwick, K. Dana; Clyne, Michael O.. (2021) Cytotype and genotype predict mortality and recruitment in Colorado quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides). Ecological Applications
Academic article
Opedal, Øystein H; Nystuen, Kristin Odden; Hagen, Dagmar; Holien, Håkon; Sørensen, Mia Vedel; Lang, Simone. (2021) Herbivores reduce seedling recruitment in alpine plant communities. Nordic Journal of Botany (NJB)
Academic article
Sørensen, Mia Vedel; Graae, Bente Jessen; Classen, Aimée T.; Enquist, Brian J.; Strimbeck, Richard. (2019) Drivers of C cycling in three arctic-alpine plant communities . Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine research
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard; Graae, Bente Jessen; Lang, Simone; Sørensen, Mia Vedel. (2019) Functional group contributions to carbon fluxes in arctic-alpine ecosystems. Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine research
Academic article
Nystuen, Kristin Odden; Sundsdal, Kristine; Opedal, Øystein Hjorthol; Holien, Håkon; Strimbeck, Richard; Graae, Bente Jessen. (2019) Lichens facilitate seedling recruitment in alpine heath. Journal of Vegetation Science (JVS)
Academic article
Blonder, Benjamin; Graae, Bente Jessen; Greer, Burke; Haagsma, Marja; Helsen, Kenny; Kapás, Rozália Erzsebet. (2019) Remote sensing of ploidy level in quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.). Journal of Ecology
Academic article
Kolstad, Anders Lorentzen; Austrheim, Gunnar; Graae, Bente Jessen; Solberg, Erling Johan; Strimbeck, Richard; Speed, James David Mervyn. (2019) Moose effects on soil temperatures, tree canopies, and understory vegetation: a path analysis. Ecosphere
Academic article
Sørensen, Mia Vedel; Graae, Bente Jessen; Hagen, Dagmar; Enquist, Brian J.; Nystuen, Kristin Odden; Strimbeck, Richard. (2018) Experimental herbivore exclusion, shrub introduction, and carbon sequestration in alpine plant communities. BMC Ecology
Academic article
Sørensen, Mia Vedel; Strimbeck, Richard; Nystuen, Kristin Odden; Kapás, Rozália Erzsebet; Enquist, Brian J.; Graae, Bente Jessen. (2017) Draining the pool? Carbon storage and fluxes in three alpine plant communities. Ecosystems
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard. (2017) Hiding in plain sight: the F segment and other conserved features of seed plant SKn dehydrins. Planta
Academic article
Pelabon, Christophe; Hennet, Lauriane; Strimbeck, Richard; Johnson, Hansen D; Armbruster, William Scott. (2015) Blossom colour change after pollination provides carbon for developing seeds. Functional Ecology
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard; Schaberg, Paul G.; Fossdal, Carl Gunnar; Schröder, Wolfgang; Kjellsen, Trygve Devold. (2015) Extreme low temperature tolerance in woody plants. Frontiers in Plant Science
Academic literature review
Mayoral, Carolina; Strimbeck, Richard; Sanchez-Gonzalez, Mariola; Calama, Rafael; Pardos, Marta. (2015) Dynamics of frost tolerance during regeneration in a mixed (pine–oak–juniper) Mediterranean forest. Trees
Academic article
Carón, Maria Mercedes; De Frenne, Pieter; Brunet, J; Chabrerie, Olivier; Cousins, Sara A.O.; DeBacker, G.. (2015) Interacting effects of warming and drought on regeneration and early growth of Acer pseudoplatanusand A. platanoides. Plant Biology
Academic article
Carón, Maria Mercedes; De Frenne, Pieter; Chabrerie, Olivier; Cousins, Sara A.O.; De Backer, Lieven; Decocq, Guillaume. (2015) Impacts of warming and changes in precipitation frequency on the regeneration of two Acer species. Flora: Morphologie, Geobotanik, Oekophysiologie
Academic article
Angelcheva, L.; Mishra, Y; Antti, Henrik; Kjellsen, Trygve Devold; Funk, Christiane; Strimbeck, Richard. (2014) Metabolomic analysis of extreme freezing tolerance in Siberian spruce (Picea obovata). New Phytologist
Academic article
Carón, Maria Mercedes; De Frenne, Pieter; Brunet, Jörg; Chabrerie, Olivier; Cousins, Sara A.O.; De Backer, L.. (2014) Latitudinal variation in seeds characteristics of Acer platanoides and A. pseudoplatanus. Plant Ecology
Academic article
Rajakumar, Priyanka; Rohloff, Jens; Strimbeck, Richard. (2014) Metabolite changes in conifer buds and needles during forced bud break in Norway spruce (Picea abies) and European silver fir (Abies alba). Frontiers in Plant Science
Academic article
Kjellsen, Trygve Devold; Yakovlev, Igor; Fossdal, Carl Gunnar; Strimbeck, Richard. (2013) Dehydrin accumulation and extreme low-temperature tolerance in Siberian spruce (Picea obovata). Tree Physiology
Academic article
Wolff , Silje Aase; Karoliussen, Irene; Rohloff, Jens; Strimbeck, Richard. (2012) Foliar applications of silicon fertilisers inhibit powdery mildew development in greenhouse cucumber. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment (JFAE)
Academic article
Shiryaeva, Liudmila; Antti, Henrik; Schröder, Wolfgang; Strimbeck, Richard; Shiriaev, Anton. (2012) Pair-wise multicomparison and OPLS analyses of cold-acclimation phases in Siberian spruce. Metabolomics
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard; Kjellsen, Trygve D.. (2010) First frost: Effects of single and repeated freezing events on acclimation in Picea abies and other boreal and temperate conifers. Forest Ecology and Management
Academic article
Kjellsen, Trygve Devold; Shiryaeva, Liudmila; Strimbeck, Richard; Schröder, Wolfgang. (2010) Proteomics of extreme freezing tolerance in Siberian spruce (Picea obovata). Journal of Proteomics
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard; Kjellsen, Trygve Devold; Schaberg, PG; Murakami, PF. (2008) Dynamics of low-temperature acclimation in temperate and boreal conifer foliage in a mild winter climate. Tree Physiology
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard; Kjellsen, Trygve Devold; Schaberg, PG; Murakami, PF. (2007) Cold in the common garden: comparative low-temperature tolerance of boreal and temperate conifer foliage. Trees
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard. (2002) Natural Communities and Ecological Processes in the Mountain Landscape. Vermont Law Review
Academic literature review
Strimbeck, Richard. (2002) Effects of chronic N fertilization on foliar mebranes, cold tolerance, and carbon storage in montane red spruce. Canadian Journal of Forest Research
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard. (2000) Rapid freezing injury in red spruce: seasonal changes in sensitivity and effects of temperature range. Tree Physiology
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard. (2000) Acid mist and soil Ca and Al alter the mineral nutrition and physiology of red spruce. Tree Physiology
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard. (1999) Acid Rain Impacts on Calcium Nutrition and Forest Health - Alteration of membrane-associated calcium leads to membrane destabilization and foliar injury in red spruce. BioScience
Academic article
Strimbeck, Richard. (1999) Cold tolerance and photosystem function in a montane red spruce population: physiological relationships with foliar carbohydrates. Journal of Sustainable Forestry
Academic article

Part of book/report

Buvik, Vanja; Strimbeck, Richard; Knuutila, Hanna K. (2021) Experimental Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Ethanolamine . SINTEF akademisk forlag
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
Strimbeck, Richard. (2009) Plant Communities and Vegetation Processes in the Mountain Landscape. Ashgate
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
Strimbeck, Richard; Schaberg, PG. (2009) Going to Extremes: Low-temperature Tolerance and Acclimation in Temperate and Boreal Conifers. CABI Publishing
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
Strimbeck, Richard. (2001) Mechanisms of frost survival and freeze-damage in nature.
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
Strimbeck, Richard. (2001) Red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) cold hardiness and freezing injury susceptibility.
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

Report

Naranjo, Domenica; Strimbeck, George Richard; Graae, Bente Jessen. (2022) How do lichens, willow shrubs, meadow, and heath plant communities affect microclimate?. NTNU
Masters thesis
Huri, Huri; Graae, Bente Jessen; Strimbeck, Richard; De Frenne, Pieter. (2019) How does a forest herb species change its reproductive allocation patterns in response to microclimate variation. NTNU
Masters thesis
Strimbeck, Richard; Liasjø, Arnt Ove. (2016) Carbon Fluxes in Mosses in Alpine Ecosystems. Norwegian Univ. of Sci. & Tech
Masters thesis
Hjermstad-Sollerud, Håvard; Strimbeck, Richard; Rohloff, Jens. (2016) Short-term heat stress in situ reduces net photosynthesis and alters metabolite composition in the arctic poppy Papaver dahlianum. Institutt for biologi, NTNU
Masters thesis
Eckert, Diana; Strimbeck, Richard. (2015) The effect of temperature on photosynthetic rates of alpine shrubs. NTNU
Masters thesis
Negard, Ane; Strimbeck, Richard; Ahuja, Ishita; Bones, Atle M.; Rohloff, Jens. (2015) Response of transgenic rape (Brassica napus) MINELESS plants to light and temperature stress factors. NTNU
Masters thesis
Fløystad, Rannveig Bø; Strimbeck, Richard. (2013) Too Much of a Good Thing: Photoprotection in Boreal Conifers in Winter. NTNU
Masters thesis
Dhuli, Priyanka; Strimbeck, Richard; Rohloff, Jens. (2011) Metabolite changes in conifer buds and needles during bud break - Norway spruce (Picea abies) and European silver fir (Abies alba). Institutt for biologi, NTNU
Masters thesis
Songøygard, Marte Moksnes; Strimbeck, Richard. (2010) Correlations between Dehydrins and Frost Tolerance in Needles of Picea. NTNU, Institutt for biologi
Masters thesis

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