IMod header

IMod – Partial differential equations, statistics and data:
An interdisciplinary approach to data-based modelling

Schematic description of project. Chalk on blackboard.

IMod main content

 

IMod is an interdisciplinary project for building, analysing and testing a framework for data-based modelling built on the combination of partial differential equations and statistical modelling, and applied in particular to surface fluid mechanics and neuroscience.

The primary objective of IMod is to develop a novel mathematical-statistical framework for data-driven models of complex systems, guided by problems in fluid mechanics and neuroscience.

Scientific description.

IMod research goals

IMod research goals

  1. Combine partial differential equations and statistical theory to develop models with uncertainty for capturing interactions in complex systems.
  2. Create effective and fast methods to identify physical parameters from sparsely observed phenomena.
  3. Rigorously study the systems from a mathematical and physical viewpoint.
  4. Unite theory and data to develop models in fluid mechanics and neuroscience using tailor-made experiments.

Principal investigators (IMod)

Project Partners (IMOD)

Project partners

José Antonio Carrillo
Professor
University of Oxford
Stefano Castruccio
Associate Professor
University of Notre Dame
Flavio Donato
Professor
University of Basel
James T. Kirby
Professor
University of Delaware
Finn Lindgren
Professor
University of Edinburgh
Alessio Porretta
Professor
University of Rome Tor Vergata
Thordis Thorarinsdottir
Research Director
Norwegian Computing Center
Erik Wahlén
Senior lecturer
Lund University

Funding (IMod)

Publications (IMod)

Publications

Aggarwal, A., Holden, H., and Vaidya, G. (2025). Error estimates for systems of nonlocal balance laws modelling dense multilane vehicular traffic. Nonlinearity, 38.

Jakobsen, E.R., and Rutowski, A.J. (2025). The master equation for mean field game systems with fractional and nonlocal diffusions. Journal of the European Mathematical Society. In press.

Alibaud, N., Endal, J., Jakobsen, E.R., and Mæhlen, O. (2025). Nonlocal degenerate parabolic-hyperbolic equations on bounded domains. Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincare. Analyse non linéar. In press.

Paulson, K., Li, Z.R., Fuglstad, G.-A., and Wakefield, J. (2025). Temporal Models for Estimation and Short-Term Forecasting of Neonatal Mortality Rates in Sub-Saharan Africa. Annals of Applied Statistics. In press.

Wakefield, J., Gao, P., Fuglstad, G.-A., and Li, Z.R. (2025). The Two Cultures for Prevalence Mapping: Small Area Estimation and Model-Based Geostatistics. Statistical Science. In press.

Mæhlen, O., Varholm, K., and Ehrnstrom, E. (2025). On the precise cusped behaviour of extreme solutions to Whitham-type equations. Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincare. Analyse non linéar, 42.

Li, Z.R., Martin, B.D., Dong, T.Q., Fuglstad, G.-A., Paige, J., Riebler, A., Clark, S., and Wakefield, J. (2025). Space-Time Smoothing of Demographic and Health Indicators using the R Package SUMMER. The R Journal. In press.

Li, L., Bullee, P.A., Ellingsen, S.Å., and Hearst, R.J. (2025). Sub-surface turbulence or non-breaking capillary waves: which dominates air–water gas transfer?. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1009.

Chowdhury, I., Jakobsen, E.R., Krupski, M. (2025). A strongly degenerate fully nonlinear mean field game with nonlocal diffusion. Journal of Differential Equations, 440.

Holden, H., and Holden, L. (2025). Optimal rebalancing strategies reduce market variability. The Journal of Finance and Data Science, 11.

Aarnes, J.R., Babiker, O.M., Xuan, A., Shen, L., Ellingsen, S.Å. (2025) Vortex structures under dimples and scars in turbulent free-surface flows. The Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1007.

Jakobsen, E.R., and Rutkowski, A.J. (2024) Towards a Schauder theory for fractional viscous Hamilton-Jacobi equations. Pure and Applied Functional Analysis, 9.

Aarnes, J.R. (2024). Mathematical sciences as symbolic form: the objects and objectivity of science in Ernst Cassirer’s philosophy of science and culture. Continental Philosophy Review, 57.

Marstrander, J.U. (2024). REMARKS ON SOLITARY WAVES IN EQUATIONS WITH NONLOCAL CUBIC TERMS. Journal of Computational Dynamics, 3.

Chowdhury, I., and Jakobsen, E.R. (2024) Precise Error Bounds for Numerical Approximations of Fractional HJB Equations. IMA J. Numer. Anal.. DOI: 10.1093/imanum/drae030. 

Ellingsen, S.Å., Zheng, Z., Abid, M., Kharif, C., and Li, Y. (2024). Dispersive Wave Focusing on a Shear Current: Part 1—Linear Approximations. Water Waves, 6.

Aggarwal, A., Holden, H., and Vaidya, G.K. (2024). Well-posedness and error estimates for coupled systems of nonlocal conservation laws. IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis, 44

Weichert, S., Smeltzer, B.K., and Ellingsen, S.Å. (2024). The Effect of Horizontal Shear on Extracting Water Currents from Surface Wave Data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 62

Zheng, Z., Li, Y., and Ellingsen, S.Å. (2024). Dispersive Wave Focusing on a Shear Current: Part 2—Nonlinear Effects. Water Waves, 6

Marstrander, J. (2024). Solitary waves for dispersive equations with Coifman–Meyer nonlinearities. Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. Series A, 44.

Hanche-Olsen, H., and Holden, H. (2024). The Aubin-Lions-Dubinskii theorems on compactness in Bochner spaces. Pure and Applied Functional Analysis, 9.

Galimberti, L., Holden, H., Karlsen, K., and Pang, H.C. (2024). Global existence of dissipative solutions to the Camassa–Holm equation with transport noise. Journal of Differential Equations, 387.

Holden, H., and Risebro, N.H. (2024). The continuum limit of non-local Follow-the-Leader models. ESAIM: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis (ESAIM: M2AN), 58.

Chowdhury, I., Jakobsen, E.R., and Lien, R.Ø. (2024). Discretization of Fractional Fully Nonlinear Equations by Powers of Discrete Laplacians. Dynamic Games and Applications, 15.

Chowdhury, I., Jakobsen, E.R., and Krupski, M. (2024) On fully nonlinear parabolic mean field games with examples of nonlocal and local diffusions. SIAM J. Math. Anal., 56(5):6302–6336.

Bullee, P.A., Weichert, S., Nore, A., Li, L., Ellingsen, S.Å., and Hearst, R.J. (2024). The influence of water turbulence on surface deformations and the gas transfer rate across an air–water interface. Experiments in Fluids, 65.

Aarnes, J.R. (2024). Ernst Cassirer and Structural Realism. Cahiers de sémiotique des cultures, 2.

Alibaud, N., Endal, J., and Jakobsen, E.R. (2024) Optimal stability results and nonlinear duality for L-infinity entropy and L1 viscosity solutions. J. Math. Pures Appl., 188:26–72.

Altay, U., Paige, J., Riebler, A., and Fuglstad, G.-A. (2024) GeoAdjust: Adjusting for Positional Uncertainty in Geostatistial Analysis of DHS Data. The R journal.

Altay, U., Paige, J., Riebler, A., and Fuglstad, G.-A. (2024) Jittering Impacts Raster- and Distance-based Geostatistical Analyses of DHS DataStatistical Modelling, 25.

Pizzo, Nick; Lenain, Luc; Rømcke, Olav; Ellingsen, Simen Andreas Ådnøy; Smeltzer, Benjamin Keeler. (2023) The role of Lagrangian drift in the geometry, kinematics and dynamics of surface waves. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 954.

Spitieris, M., and Steinsland, I. (2023). Bayesian Calibration of Imperfect Computer Models using Physics-Informed Priors. Journal of machine learning research, 108.

Aggarwal, A., Holden, H., and Vaidya, G.K. (2023). On the accuracy of the finite volume approximations to nonlocal conservation laws. Numerische Mathematik, 156.

Zhang, J., Bonas, M., Bolster, D., Fuglstad, G.-A., and Castruccio, S. (2023) High Resolution Global Precipitation Downscaling with Latent Gaussian Models and Nonstationary SPDE Structure. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series C, 73.

del Teso, F., Endal, J., Jakobsen, E.R., and Vazquez, J.L. (2023) Evolution Driven by the Infinity Fractional Laplacian. Calc. Var.,  62(136).

Babiker, O., Bjerkebæk, I., Xuan, A., Shen, L., and Ellingsen, S.Å. (2023). Vortex imprints on a free surface as proxy for surface divergence. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 964.

Lenain, L., Smeltzer, B.K., Pizzo, N., Maria, F., Colosi, L., Ellingsen, S.Å., Grare, L., Peyriere, H., and Statom, N. (2023) Airborne Remote Sensing of Upper-Ocean and Surface Properties, Currents and Their Gradients From Meso to Submesoscales. Geophysical Research Letters50.

Weichert, S., Smeltzer, B. K., and Ellingsen, S. Å. (2023) Biases from spectral leakage in remote sensing of near-surface currents. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

Zheng, Zibo; Li, Yan; Ellingsen, Simen Andreas Ådnøy. (2023) Statistics of weakly nonlinear waves on currents with strong vertical shear. Physical Review Fluids, 8.

del Teso, F., Endal, J., and Jakobsen, E.R. (2023) Uniform tail estimates and Lp-convergence for finite-difference approximations of nonlinear diffusion equations. Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst.43(3&4): 1319–1346.

Smeltzer, Benjamin Keeler; Rømcke, Olav; Hearst, R. Jason; Ellingsen, Simen Andreas Ådnøy. (2023) Experimental study of the mutual interactions between waves and tailored turbulence. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 962.

Ehrnstrom, Mats; Nik, Katerina; Walker, Christoph. (2022). A direct construction of a full family of Whitham solitary waves. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society151(2).

Ehrnstrom, Mats; Nilsson, Dag; Groves, Mark D. (2022) Existence of Davey–Stewartson type solitary waves for the fully dispersive Kadomtsev–Petviashvilii equation. SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis54(4).

Ehrnstrom, Mats; Wang, Yuexun. (2022) Enhanced existence time of solutions to evolution equations of Whitham type. Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. Series A42(8).

Paige, J., Fuglstad, G.-A., Riebler, A., and Wakefield, J. (2022). Spatial Aggregation with Respect to a Population Distribution: Impact on InferenceSpatial Statistics52.

Preprints (IMod)

Preprints

Auestad, Ø.S., Fuglstad, G.-A., Lang, A. (2025) Surface finite element approximation of parabolic SPDEs with Whittle--Matérn noise. arXiv:2510.08443.

Auestad, Ø.S. (2025) An L0-approach to stochastic evolution equations. arXiv:2508.16458.

Auestad, Ø.S., Fuglstad, G.-A., Jakobsen, E.R., and Lang, A.. (2025) Finite element approximation of parabolic SPDEs with Whittle–Matérn noise. arXiv:2406.11041.

Furset, S.K. (2024) Spectral approximation of a new class of stochastic fractional evolution equations. arXiv:2406.19799.

Auestad, Ø.S. (2024) Numerical approximation of linear parabolic evolution equations revisited. arXiv:2406.02796.

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