Course content

GNSS code and carrier phase measurements. GNSS measurement errors and phase ambiguity resolution. GNSS satellite coordinate computations. Transformation of GNSS satellite baseline measurements into distance, azimuth and height components. Estimation of GNSS positions and heights using the least squares method, including testing and reliability analyses. An introduction to recursive least squares and Kalman filtering techniques for dynamic positioning and sensor fusion.

Learning outcome

Knowledge:

After completing this course, the students should have knowledge of:

• Understanding of code- and carrier phase-based positioning, including estimation of phase ambiguities and identification of GNSS measurement error sources.
• Transformation of GNSS baselines from the Earth-Centered Earth-Fixed (ECEF) coordinate system to observations of distance and azimuth in the map projection, and height in the national height system.
• Computation and interpretation of GNSS satellite coordinates in both the ECEF and local coordinate systems
• Application of adjustment theory, including estimation, statistical testing, Kalman filtering, and reliability analysis.

Skills:

After completing this course, the students should be able to:

• Estimate GNSS positions and heights from GNSS observations.
• Transform GNSS baseline observations into commonly used observations such as distance, azimuth, and height differences.
• Perform and interpret reliability tests in accordance with the Norwegian Geodata Standard issued by the Norwegian Mapping Authority.
• Understand and mitigate the effects of multipath, ionospheric, and tropospheric errors on GNSS signals, and resolve phase ambiguities in carrier-phase observations.
• Prepare for dynamic GNSS positioning and integrate GNSS data with other sensor systems.

General competence:

After completing this course, the students should be able to:

• Understand the theoretical foundations for calculations on the reference ellipsoid and in map projection systems.
• Understand the principles of estimation and reliability analysis of GNSS-derived coordinates and heights.
• Demonstrate advanced knowledge of GNSS and satellite geodesy.
• Apply and communicate professional terminology accurately within the field.
• Work both independently and collaboratively, taking initiative and responsibility in professional tasks.
• Recognize connections between this discipline and other fields, and demonstrate openness to interdisciplinary approaches and cooperation.

Learning methods and activities

Lectures. Computations and laboratory excersises. Programming. Use of existing software.

Programming, coding and implementation for the project work and obligatory exercises are included in the course.

Compulsory assignments

• Exercises

Recommended previous knowledge

Based on the course TBA4236 Theoretical Geomatics.

Course materials

Hofmann-Wellenhof et al: "GNSS". Compendia published at the department.