Course content

Concepts and definitions; the thermodynamic system, properties, phase equilibrium of pure substances, equations of state for gases, tables of thermodynamic properties, work and heat. First law of thermodynamics; thermodynamic cycles, change of state, internal energy, enthalpy, specific heat; open systems, steady-state and transient processes. Second law of thermodynamics; reversible and irreversible processes, the Carnot cycle, the thermodynamic temperature scale, entropy, the entropy production concept. Thermodynamic power cycles, refrigeration cycles, the Otto cycle and the Diesel cycle, the gas-turbine process. Introduction to exergy analysis.

Learning outcome

Knowledge: The course provides the student with knowledge about: - Conservation laws for mass and energy (including the 1st law of Thermodynamics). - Forms of energy such as work (power) and heat, internal energy and enthalpy. - Entropy and the 2nd law of thermodynamics. - Reasons for thermodynamic losses in the form of irreversibilities. - The quality of different forms of energy measured as the ability to produce work. - Destruction of energy quality in processes. - Ideal gas model, its assumptions, applications and limitations. - Different cyclic processes such as Carnot, Rankine, Otto, Diesel and Brayton. – The course gives the student insight about: - Operation of steam and gas based power stations, internal combustion engines, heat pumps and refrigeration cycles. - The main components of heat & power processes, such as steam and gas turbines, compressors, pumps, fans, heat exchangers and valves. - The ability of fluids to change phase (solid, liquid and gas). Skills: The course should enable the student to: - Estimate thermodynamic properties for systems by the use of tables and graphical diagrams. - Calculate efficiencies for power producing and power consuming processes. - Describe thermodynamic processes in graphical diagrams such as pv, Tv og Ts. General competence: The course should give the student: - Basic competence that constitute central elements in other courses focusing on energy systems and industrial processes. - Understanding of systems and the capability to evaluate the efficiency of processes w.r.t. energy and exergy (energy quality). - Overview of processes for power production, heating (heat pumps) and cooling (refrigeration cycles).

Learning methods and activities

Lectures.

Weekly assignments. 8 of 12 assignments must be approved. The assignments on steam power cycle and refrigeration and heat pump can be replaced by a laboratory exercise, for a limited amount of students.

One group assignment during the semester (mandatory laboratory exercise with standard scientific report writing).

Compulsory assignments

• Exercises
• Small project

Recommended previous knowledge

None.

Required previous knowledge

None

Course materials

Moran, Shapiro et al.: Principles of Engineering Thermodynamics, Wiley, 9th edition SI (editions 5, 6, 7, 8 also work, notice that some are called "Fundamentals of", but the book is the same). Truls Gundersen: An Introduction to the Concept of Exergy and Energy Quality. Written suggested solutions are available after each assignment.

Credit reductions