Vidar Hepsø
About
Most of my professional work and publications and research interests have directly or indirectly been on processes of objectification, measurement, and standardization (socio-material practices) since I have worked with new ways of working enabled by new information and communication technologies. I have been particularly interested in how the processes and products of objectification, measurement, and standardization travel through translation, scale up and become semi-stable socio-technical infrastructures (go from the local to the global).
Thematically, my research has been closely aligned with the expertise developed by IDI research groups, dealing with information infrastructure development in the oil and gas industry. Forwards, given the ongoing energy transition, electrification of the Norwegian continental shelf, and the development of offshore wind and carbon capture and storage (CCS), the field of information infrastructure research is naturally crucial. This domain is also an important research and education area for IDI. I have been instrumental in developing the EVU-course IT6207 Remote Operations together with Elena Parmiggiani
Currently, I work at Equinor, in the interface between digitalization and the energy transition, focusing on scaling control room solutions and remote operations for offshore wind in Norway, the UK, the US, and Poland (regional control rooms). In these projects I am Human Factor Integration Lead and responsible for the human factor processes related to the development of the HMI, the systems, outfitting of the control rooms, work processes and training control room crews. I am also strongly involved in the electrification of the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) and I am a key professional in the development of the work practices, standardization of new IT systems and information infrastructures in this domain.
Research
I am currently involved in the following initiatives at NTNU
Publications
2024
-
Moradi, Mahdis;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Schiefloe, Per Morten.
(2024)
Institutional complexity and governance in open-source ecosystems: A case study of the oil and gas industry.
Journal of Innovation & Knowledge (JIK)
Academic article
-
Moradi, Mahdis;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2024)
Unlocking the Potential of Big Data: Establishing System Trust Through Open Innovation Ecosystems.
R&D Management
Academic article
2023
-
Spahic, Rialda;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Lundteigen, Mary Ann.
(2023)
A Novel Warning Identification Framework for Risk-Informed Anomaly Detection.
Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems
Academic article
-
Spahic, Rialda;
Poolla, Kameshwar;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Lundteigen, Mary Ann.
(2023)
Image-based and risk-informed detection of Subsea Pipeline damage.
Discover Artificial Intelligence
Academic article
-
Spahic, Rialda;
Lundteigen, Mary Ann;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2023)
Context-based and image-based subsea pipeline degradation monitoring.
Discover Artificial Intelligence
Academic article
2022
-
Spahic, Rialda;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Lundteigen, Mary Ann.
(2022)
Enhancing Autonomous Systems’ Awareness: Conceptual Categorization of Anomalies by Temporal Change During Real-Time Operations.
International Academy, Research and Industry Association (IARIA)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Spahic, Rialda;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Lundteigen, Mary Ann.
(2022)
Using Risk Analysis for Anomaly Detection for Enhanced Reliability of Unmanned Autonomous Systems.
Research Publishing Services
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Vidar;
Parmiggiani, Elena.
(2022)
From Integrated to Remote Operations: Digital Transformation in the Energy Industry as Infrastructuring.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Vidar;
Parmiggiani, Elena.
(2022)
Timescaping the Arctic with Real-Time Data.
Berghahn Books
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
2021
-
Spahic, Rialda;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Lundteigen, Mary Ann.
(2021)
Reliable Unmanned Autonomous Systems: Conceptual Framework for Warning Identification during Remote Operations.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Vidar;
Monteiro, Eric.
(2021)
From Integrated Operations to Remote Operations: Socio-technical Challenge for the Oil and Gas Business.
Springer Nature
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
2015
-
Parmiggiani, Elena;
Monteiro, Eric;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2015)
The Digital Coral: Infrastructuring Environmental Monitoring.
Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)
Academic article
2014
-
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2014)
Mediating Business Process Models with an Anthropological Voice: ‘Double-level Language’ in the Norwegian Oil Industry.
Left Coast Press Inc.
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2014)
Coordinating the Repair and Modification of Offshore Production Systems: The Role of the Project Manager.
Ashgate
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mikalsen, Marius;
Parmiggiani, Elena;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2014)
Sociomaterial capabilities in integrated oil and gas operations - Implications for design.
Association for Information Systems (AIS)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
2013
-
Parmiggiani, Elena;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2013)
Pragmatic Information Management For Environmental Monitoring In Oil And Gas.
Association for Information Systems (AIS)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Filstad, Cathrine;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Skarholt, Kari.
(2013)
Connecting Worlds through Self-Synchronization and Boundary Spanning: Crossing Boundaries in Virtual Teams.
IGI Global
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Irene;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2013)
Integrated Operations in the Oil and Gas Industry: Sustainability and Capability Development.
IGI Global
IGI Global
Academic anthology/Conference proceedings
-
Henderson, John;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Øyvind, Mydland.
(2013)
What is a Capability Platform Approach to Integrated Operations?: An Introduction to Key Concepts.
IGI Global
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Rosendahl, Tom;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2013)
Preface.
IGI Global
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
2012
-
Monteiro, Eric;
Jarulaitis, Gasparas;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2012)
The family resemblance of technologically mediated work practices.
Information and organization
Academic article
-
Hepsø, Irene Lorentzen;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2012)
Creation of Indicators Determining the Work of Hightech business Practitioners: Validity, Reliability, and Negotiation Revisited.
IGI Global
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Østerlie, Thomas;
Almklov, Petter Grytten;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2012)
Dual materiality and knowing in petroleum production.
Information and organization
Academic article
-
Iversen, Fionn;
Gressgaard, Leif Jarle;
Thorogood, John Laurence;
Balov, Mohsen Karimi;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2012)
Drilling Automation: Potential for Human Error.
Society of Petroleum Engineers
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Monteiro, Eric;
Almklov, Petter;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2012)
Living in a sociomaterial world.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2012)
Doing Corporate Ethnography as an Insider (Employee).
Left Coast Press Inc.
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
2011
-
Almklov, Petter Grytten;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2011)
Between and Beyond Data. how Analogue Field Experience Informs the Interpretation of Remote Data Sources in Petroleum Reservoir Geology.
Social Studies of Science
Academic article
2009
-
Hepsø, Vidar;
Monteiro, Eric;
Rolland, Knut Helge Ronæs.
(2009)
Ecologies of e-Infrastructures.
Journal of the AIS
Academic article
-
Næsje, Pål;
Skarholt, Kari;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Bye, Arne.
(2009)
Empowering Operation and Maintenance: Safe Operations with the "One Directed Team" Organization Model at the Kristin Asset.
CRC Press
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Skarholt, Kari;
Næsje, Pål;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Bye, Arne.
(2009)
Integrated Operations and Leadership: How Virtual Cooperation influences Leadership Practice.
CRC Press
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2009)
"Common" information spaces in knowledge-intensive work : representation and negotiation of meaning in computer-supported collaboration rooms.
Information Science Reference
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2009)
Leading Research in Technoscience: Insider social science in socio-technological change.
VDM Verlag Dr. Müller Aktiengesellschaft & Co. KG
VDM Verlag Dr. Müller Aktiengesellschaft & Co. KG
Academic monograph
-
Hepsø, Vidar;
Monteiro, Eric;
Rolland, Knut.
(2009)
Ecologies of e-Infrastructures.
Journal of the AIS
Academic article
2008
-
Ulven, Mette;
Monteiro, Eric;
Rolland, Knut Helge Ronæs;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2008)
Kunnskapsnettverk på tvers: sårbar eller selvforsterkende ressurs?.
Tapir Akademisk Forlag
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
2007
-
Hepsø, Irene Lorentzen;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2007)
Conceptions of Us-and-Them in Organizational Reification, Translation and Legitimation Processes -Two Best practice- and business process initiatives in Statoil oil and gas operations.
Systems, Signs & Actions
Academic article
2006
-
Rolland, Knut Helge Ronæs;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Monteiro, Eric.
(2006)
Conceptualizing common information spaces across heterogeneous contexts: mutable mobiles and side-effects of integration.
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
2002
-
Monteiro, Eric;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2002)
Purity and danger of information infrastructure.
Systemic Practice and Action Research
Academic article
-
Monteiro, Eric;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2002)
Purity and danger in information infrastructures.
Systemic Practice and Action Research
Academic article
2000
-
Ciborra, Claudio;
Braa, Kristin;
Cordella, Antonio;
Failla, Angelo;
Hanseth, Ole;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2000)
From Control to Drift. The Dynamics of Corporate Information Infrastructures.
Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press
Academic monograph
-
Monteiro, Eric;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2000)
Infrastructure strategy formation in Statoil: seize the day.
Oxford University Press
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
1998
-
Monteiro, Eric;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(1998)
Seize the day: infrastructure strategy formation.
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
1990
-
Hepsø, Vidar.
(1990)
Individet, bedriften og fellesskapet : et sosialantropologisk eksempel på bedriftskultur fra Linjegods.
Tapir Akademisk Forlag
Tapir Akademisk Forlag (7)
Academic monograph
-
Hepsø, Vidar.
(1990)
Individet, bedriften og fellesskapet : et sosialantropologisk eksempel på bedriftskultur fra Linjegods.
Tapir Akademisk Forlag
Tapir Akademisk Forlag (7)
Academic monograph
Journal publications
-
Moradi, Mahdis;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Schiefloe, Per Morten.
(2024)
Institutional complexity and governance in open-source ecosystems: A case study of the oil and gas industry.
Journal of Innovation & Knowledge (JIK)
Academic article
-
Moradi, Mahdis;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2024)
Unlocking the Potential of Big Data: Establishing System Trust Through Open Innovation Ecosystems.
R&D Management
Academic article
-
Spahic, Rialda;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Lundteigen, Mary Ann.
(2023)
A Novel Warning Identification Framework for Risk-Informed Anomaly Detection.
Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems
Academic article
-
Spahic, Rialda;
Poolla, Kameshwar;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Lundteigen, Mary Ann.
(2023)
Image-based and risk-informed detection of Subsea Pipeline damage.
Discover Artificial Intelligence
Academic article
-
Spahic, Rialda;
Lundteigen, Mary Ann;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2023)
Context-based and image-based subsea pipeline degradation monitoring.
Discover Artificial Intelligence
Academic article
-
Parmiggiani, Elena;
Monteiro, Eric;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2015)
The Digital Coral: Infrastructuring Environmental Monitoring.
Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)
Academic article
-
Monteiro, Eric;
Jarulaitis, Gasparas;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2012)
The family resemblance of technologically mediated work practices.
Information and organization
Academic article
-
Østerlie, Thomas;
Almklov, Petter Grytten;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2012)
Dual materiality and knowing in petroleum production.
Information and organization
Academic article
-
Almklov, Petter Grytten;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2011)
Between and Beyond Data. how Analogue Field Experience Informs the Interpretation of Remote Data Sources in Petroleum Reservoir Geology.
Social Studies of Science
Academic article
-
Hepsø, Vidar;
Monteiro, Eric;
Rolland, Knut Helge Ronæs.
(2009)
Ecologies of e-Infrastructures.
Journal of the AIS
Academic article
-
Hepsø, Vidar;
Monteiro, Eric;
Rolland, Knut.
(2009)
Ecologies of e-Infrastructures.
Journal of the AIS
Academic article
-
Hepsø, Irene Lorentzen;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2007)
Conceptions of Us-and-Them in Organizational Reification, Translation and Legitimation Processes -Two Best practice- and business process initiatives in Statoil oil and gas operations.
Systems, Signs & Actions
Academic article
-
Monteiro, Eric;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2002)
Purity and danger of information infrastructure.
Systemic Practice and Action Research
Academic article
-
Monteiro, Eric;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2002)
Purity and danger in information infrastructures.
Systemic Practice and Action Research
Academic article
Books
-
Hepsø, Irene;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2013)
Integrated Operations in the Oil and Gas Industry: Sustainability and Capability Development.
IGI Global
IGI Global
Academic anthology/Conference proceedings
-
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2009)
Leading Research in Technoscience: Insider social science in socio-technological change.
VDM Verlag Dr. Müller Aktiengesellschaft & Co. KG
VDM Verlag Dr. Müller Aktiengesellschaft & Co. KG
Academic monograph
-
Ciborra, Claudio;
Braa, Kristin;
Cordella, Antonio;
Failla, Angelo;
Hanseth, Ole;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2000)
From Control to Drift. The Dynamics of Corporate Information Infrastructures.
Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press
Academic monograph
-
Hepsø, Vidar.
(1990)
Individet, bedriften og fellesskapet : et sosialantropologisk eksempel på bedriftskultur fra Linjegods.
Tapir Akademisk Forlag
Tapir Akademisk Forlag (7)
Academic monograph
-
Hepsø, Vidar.
(1990)
Individet, bedriften og fellesskapet : et sosialantropologisk eksempel på bedriftskultur fra Linjegods.
Tapir Akademisk Forlag
Tapir Akademisk Forlag (7)
Academic monograph
Part of book/report
-
Spahic, Rialda;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Lundteigen, Mary Ann.
(2022)
Enhancing Autonomous Systems’ Awareness: Conceptual Categorization of Anomalies by Temporal Change During Real-Time Operations.
International Academy, Research and Industry Association (IARIA)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Spahic, Rialda;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Lundteigen, Mary Ann.
(2022)
Using Risk Analysis for Anomaly Detection for Enhanced Reliability of Unmanned Autonomous Systems.
Research Publishing Services
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Vidar;
Parmiggiani, Elena.
(2022)
From Integrated to Remote Operations: Digital Transformation in the Energy Industry as Infrastructuring.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Vidar;
Parmiggiani, Elena.
(2022)
Timescaping the Arctic with Real-Time Data.
Berghahn Books
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Spahic, Rialda;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Lundteigen, Mary Ann.
(2021)
Reliable Unmanned Autonomous Systems: Conceptual Framework for Warning Identification during Remote Operations.
IEEE conference proceedings
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Vidar;
Monteiro, Eric.
(2021)
From Integrated Operations to Remote Operations: Socio-technical Challenge for the Oil and Gas Business.
Springer Nature
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2014)
Mediating Business Process Models with an Anthropological Voice: ‘Double-level Language’ in the Norwegian Oil Industry.
Left Coast Press Inc.
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2014)
Coordinating the Repair and Modification of Offshore Production Systems: The Role of the Project Manager.
Ashgate
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Mikalsen, Marius;
Parmiggiani, Elena;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2014)
Sociomaterial capabilities in integrated oil and gas operations - Implications for design.
Association for Information Systems (AIS)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Parmiggiani, Elena;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2013)
Pragmatic Information Management For Environmental Monitoring In Oil And Gas.
Association for Information Systems (AIS)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Filstad, Cathrine;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Skarholt, Kari.
(2013)
Connecting Worlds through Self-Synchronization and Boundary Spanning: Crossing Boundaries in Virtual Teams.
IGI Global
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Henderson, John;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Øyvind, Mydland.
(2013)
What is a Capability Platform Approach to Integrated Operations?: An Introduction to Key Concepts.
IGI Global
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Rosendahl, Tom;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2013)
Preface.
IGI Global
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Irene Lorentzen;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2012)
Creation of Indicators Determining the Work of Hightech business Practitioners: Validity, Reliability, and Negotiation Revisited.
IGI Global
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Iversen, Fionn;
Gressgaard, Leif Jarle;
Thorogood, John Laurence;
Balov, Mohsen Karimi;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2012)
Drilling Automation: Potential for Human Error.
Society of Petroleum Engineers
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Monteiro, Eric;
Almklov, Petter;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2012)
Living in a sociomaterial world.
Springer
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2012)
Doing Corporate Ethnography as an Insider (Employee).
Left Coast Press Inc.
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Næsje, Pål;
Skarholt, Kari;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Bye, Arne.
(2009)
Empowering Operation and Maintenance: Safe Operations with the "One Directed Team" Organization Model at the Kristin Asset.
CRC Press
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Skarholt, Kari;
Næsje, Pål;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Bye, Arne.
(2009)
Integrated Operations and Leadership: How Virtual Cooperation influences Leadership Practice.
CRC Press
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2009)
"Common" information spaces in knowledge-intensive work : representation and negotiation of meaning in computer-supported collaboration rooms.
Information Science Reference
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Ulven, Mette;
Monteiro, Eric;
Rolland, Knut Helge Ronæs;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2008)
Kunnskapsnettverk på tvers: sårbar eller selvforsterkende ressurs?.
Tapir Akademisk Forlag
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Rolland, Knut Helge Ronæs;
Hepsø, Vidar;
Monteiro, Eric.
(2006)
Conceptualizing common information spaces across heterogeneous contexts: mutable mobiles and side-effects of integration.
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Monteiro, Eric;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(2000)
Infrastructure strategy formation in Statoil: seize the day.
Oxford University Press
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
-
Monteiro, Eric;
Hepsø, Vidar.
(1998)
Seize the day: infrastructure strategy formation.
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper
Teaching
Courses
- IT6207 - Remote operations
- PG6915 - Technology Management and Digital Transformation, Master's Thesis
- TPG4920 - Petroleum Geoscience and Engineering, Master's Thesis
Running the EVU-course IT6207 Remote Operations together with Elena Parmiggiani
Outreach
2016
-
Academic lectureHepsø, Vidar; Ryghaug, Marianne. (2016) Beyond mainstream frameworks of Technology qualification: TRL revisited. 4S Easst 4S EASST Conference , Barcelona 2016-08-31 - 2016-09-03
2014
-
Academic lectureUlfsnes, Amund; Møskeland, Thomas; Frost, Tone Karin; Hepsø, Vidar; Gramvik, Geir; Brönner, Ute. (2014) Towards Integrated Environmental Monitoring. Society of Petroleum Engineers SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment, 17-19 March, Long Beach, California, USA , Long Beach, California 2014-03-17 - 2014-03-19
-
PosterRyghaug, Marianne; Hepsø, Vidar. (2014) Understanding technology qualification and development as a game of “Snakes and ladders”?. STS Social construction of technology coming of age: new challenges and opportunities ahead , Trondheim 2014-06-03 - 2014-06-05
2013
-
Academic lectureParmiggiani, Elena; Hepsø, Vidar. (2013) Mobilizing Heterogeneous forces in the modeling of data: from perplexity to institutionalism. NTNU KULT The First Nordic STS Conference , Værnes 2013-04-24 - 2013-04-26
2011
-
Academic lectureHepsø, Vidar; Østerlie, Thomas. (2011) Technology and Organization Readiness. EAGE (European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers Presented at EAGE (European Association of GeoscientiWorkshop on Permanent Reservoir Monitoring , Trondheim 2011-03-01 - 2011-03-03
-
Academic lectureHepsø, Vidar; Thomas, Østerlie. (2011) Open innovation of new sub-surface software; an opportunity for open source development. SPE (Society of Petroleum Engineers) at SPE ATW (Advanced Technology Workshop) Use Of 4D Seismic and Production Data For History Matching and Optimisation-Application to Norne. , Trondheim 2011-06-14 - 2011-06-16
-
Academic lectureHepsø, Vidar. (2011) Open innovation of subsurface software systems. The Norwegian Embassy Transatlantic science week 2011 , Berkeley 2011-10-25 - 2011-10-27
2010
-
Academic lectureHepsø, Vidar; Olsen, Hans Hysing; Brych, Felicia; Joanette, Francois. (2010) Next steps to a framework for global collaboration to drive business performance SPE 126207. SPE SPE Intelligent Energy 2010 , Utrecht 2010-03-23 - 2010-03-25
-
Academic lectureØlmheim, Jørn; Landre, Einar; Hepsø, Vidar. (2010) Decision Support and Monitoring Using Autonomous Systems (SPE 128202). Society Petroleum Engineering Intelligent Energy 2010 , Utrecht 2010-03-23 - 2010-03-25
-
Academic lectureHepsø, Irene Lorentzen; Hepsø, Vidar. (2010) Coordinating work in the repair and modification of offshore production systems -The role of the project manager. EGOS European Group Organization Studies (EGOS) Colloquium , Lisboa 2010-07-01 - 2010-07-03
2008
-
Academic lectureHepsø, Irene Lorentzen; Hepsø, Vidar. (2008) Creation of work practices through the interaction of BPR, TQM and HES. 24th European Group of Organisational Studies Colloquium , Amsterdam, Holland 2008-07-10 - 2008-07-12
1998
-
Academic lectureMonteiro, Eric; Hepsø, Vidar. (1998) Seize the day: infrastructure strategy formation. Information Systems Research in Scandinavia (IRIS 21) , Sæby, Danmark
-
Academic lectureMonteiro, Eric; Hepsø, Vidar. (1998) Diffusion of Infrastructure: mobilization and improvization. IFIP WG 8.2 & 8.6 , Helsiniki